Pediatrics Rotation

Front 1

1. Erythematous Patches and plaques with scale, crust, and lichenification
2. Treatment

Back 1

1.Atopic Dermatitis
2. Moisturize, topical low dose steroids

Front 2

cause of contact dermatitis that appears in linear pattern

Back 2

plant allergic

Front 3

Severe cases may involve folds and have characteristic satellite pustules

Back 3

C. albicans diaper dermatitis

Front 4

Treatment of C. albicans diaper dermatitis

Back 4

Nystatin or clotrimazole

Front 5

Patches of yellowish often greasy scale which can be very thick and adherent

Back 5

Cradle Cap
Seborrheic Dermatitis

Front 6

Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis
MacPap rash in hairline & spreads down to confluent

Back 6

Rubeola/Measles

Front 7

1.Sandpaper rash groin/axilla, white strawberry tongue
2.cause

Back 7

1Scarlet Fever
2 GAS

Front 8

Treatment of Scarlet Fever

Back 8

Penicillin VK

Front 9

 Postauricular & occipital adenopathy
 MacPap rash on face then spreads

Back 9

Rubella

Front 10

 Slapped cheeks
 Lacey arms & legs

Back 10

Fifth Disease/ Erythema Infectiosum

Front 11

fever (40C/104F)for three to five days followed by abrupt defervescence(abating of fever) and development of a rash

Back 11

Roseola --> caused by HHV6

Front 12

grouped vesicles that then rupture leaving an erosion or ulcer, which crusts over and heals.

Back 12

Herpes Simplex

Front 13

infection of the trunk, characterized by white or brown scaling macule --> blotchy skin

Back 13

Tinea Versicolor (Pityriasis Versicolor)

Front 14

scaling papular lesions occur in an annular arrangement with peripheral enlargement and central clearing on the trunk, limbs, or face

Back 14

Ringworm/Tinea Corporis

Front 15

Removal of scale results in the appearance of miniscule blood droplets

Back 15

Auspitz sign -->Psoriasis

Front 16

guttate psoriasis common cause

Back 16

beta-hemolytic streptococci

Front 17

Difference between Steven-Johnson's Syndrome and TEN

Back 17

SJS <10% skin sloughing
TEN >30 Skin sloughing

Front 18

bullae with Red ring, dusky purple center (target/iris lesions

Back 18

Erythema Multiforme - often secondary to HSV

Front 19

Most common tumor of infancy

Back 19

Hemangioma

Front 20

the leading cause of mortality and morbidity from physical abuse

Back 20

Head Trauma
Abdominal is 2nd

Front 21

in solitary play and be socially withdrawn with indifference to attempts at communication

interact with objects and people in same manner

present by 3 years of age

Back 21

Autism

Front 22

• Qualitative deficiencies in reciprocal social interaction
• Restricted, repetitive, stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities
• Absence of clinically significant delay in language or cognitive development

Back 22

Asperger Syndrome

Front 23

Needed for Diagnosis of ADHD

Back 23

6 or more Inattention or Hyperactivity symptoms for 6 or more months

Front 24

Signs/Symptoms of Depression

Back 24

SIGECAPS

Sleep disturbances
Interests (lack of)
Guilty
Engergy (lack of)
Concentration problems
Appetite change
Pleasure (decreased)
Suicidal thoughts

Front 25

length of symptom requirement for depression dx

Back 25

2 weeks

Front 26

Medication of choice for anxiety d/o

Back 26

SSRIs

Front 27

respiratory illness that is similar to the common cold in its early phase with cough, coryza, and rhinorrhea-->noisy, raspy breathing and audible wheezing

Back 27

Bronchiolitis

Front 28

Most common pathogen of Bronchiolitis

Back 28

RSV --> Happy wheezer

Front 29

Contagious Period of pertussis

Back 29

<21 days

Front 30

Treatment for Whooping cough

Back 30

erythromycin, azithromycin, or clarithromycin (macrolides)

Front 31

Chest x-ray film may reveal obstructive asymmetric hyperinflation.

Back 31

FB aspiration

Front 32

have localized crackles and decreased breath sounds;

Back 32

pneumonia

Front 33

Test of choice for CF

Back 33

sweat chloride test
>60 mEq/L

Front 34

Most common cause of respiratory failure in the first few days of life.

Back 34

ARDS/ Hyaline Membrane Disease

Front 35

collapse of the alveoli and terminal bronchioles due to lack of adequate lung surfactant

Back 35

ARDS/ Hyaline Membrane Disease

Front 36

diffuse reticulogranular pattern of uniform distribution

Back 36

ARDS/ Hyaline Membrane Disease

Front 37

IBD that has Skip lesions

Back 37

Crohns

Front 38

IBD that involves only mucosa

Back 38

UC

Front 39

blond hair, blue eyes, eczema, and mousy odor of the urine

Back 39

Phenylketonuria

Front 40

paroxysmal colicky abdominal pain followed by vomiting and diarrhea
sausage-shaped mass
target or donut sign
Currant jelly stool

Back 40

Intusseption

Front 41

Meckel's Diverticulum rules of 2

Back 41

o Occurs in 2% of the population
o Located within 2 feet of the ileocecal junction
o Measures 2 inches in length
o Measures 2 centimeters in diameter
o 2:1 male –female ratio
o Usually symptomatic before 2 years of age if symptoms are present

Front 42

Failure to pass meconium within first 24 hours

bilious emesis, abdominal distension

Back 42

Hirschsprung’s Disease

Front 43

Rules of 3’s: 3 hrs per day, for more than 3 days a week, can last for more than 3 weeks

Back 43

Colic

Front 44

leading cause of morbidity and a common disease in children

Back 44

Gastroenteritis

Front 45

On first day of life, patient presents with bilious vomiting without abdominal distention.

Double Bubble Sign

Back 45

Duodenal atresia

Front 46

Vitamin Deficiencies in Breastfed

Back 46

K and D

Front 47

Vitamin Deficiencies in vegan

Back 47

protein, vit B12, D, riboflavin

Front 48

Vitamin Deficiencies in cow's milk fed

Back 48

Iron

Front 49

Deficiency of ascorbic acid results in the clinical manifestations of by irritability, bone tenderness with swelling, and pseudoparalysis of the legs

Back 49

scurvy

Front 50

this type of dehydration occurs in children who have diarrhea and consume a hypotonic fluid

Back 50

hyponatremic

Front 51

this kind of dehydration consequence of an inability to take in fluid, because of a lack of access, a poor thirst mechanism (neurologic impairment), intractable emesis, or anorexia.

Back 51

Hypernatremic

Front 52

Most common bacterial causes of conjunctivitis

Back 52

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae

Front 53

clear, watery discharge (mucus rather than pus) injection; and a burning, sandy, or gritty feeling in one eye

Back 53

Viral Conjuctivitis

Front 54

BILATERAL itching, tearing, conjunctival edema, hyperemia, watery discharge, burning, and photophobia. conjunctiva may have a follicular or "bumpy" appearance

Back 54

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Front 55

Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis

Back 55

erythromycin ophthalmic ointment or polymyxin/trimethoprim drops

Front 56

Move eye outward

Back 56

inferior oblique (CN III)

Front 57

Moves eye inward

Back 57

superior oblique (CN IV)

Front 58

move eye upward

Back 58

Superior Rectus (CN III)
Inferior Obliqe (CN III)

Front 59

Move eye downward

Back 59

Inferior Rectus (CN III)
Superior Oblique (CN IV)

Front 60

Adduct eye

Back 60

Lateral rectus (CN VI)

Front 61

Abduct

Back 61

medial rectus (CN III)

Front 62

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction can lead to acute or chronic :

Back 62

Dacrocystitis

Front 63

most common intraocular malignancy of childhood

Back 63

retinoblastoma

Front 64

Most Common Bacterial causes of OM

Back 64

 Streptococcus pneumoniae
 Haemophilus influenzae
 Moraxella catarrhalis
 group A streptococcus

Front 65

Treatment of acute OM

Back 65

amoxicillin 80-90mg/kg/day for 10 days

Front 66

Treatment of acute OM primary tx failure

Back 66

Augmentin

Front 67

Posterior auricular tenderness, swelling, and erythema, pinna is displaced downward and outward.

Back 67

Mastoiditis- common after OM

Front 68

Sore throat, fever, hot potato voice and medial displacement of the tonsil and deviation of the uvula

Back 68

Peritonsillar abscess

Front 69

Most common bacteria in Peritonsillar abscess

Back 69

GAS

Front 70

Primary treatment for Strep throat

Back 70

Penicillin VK

Front 71

Sequellae of Strep throat

Back 71

Rheumatic Heart Dz

Front 72

testicular Smooth and nontender mass that transilluminates

Back 72

Hydrocele

Front 73

scrotal mass "bag of worms"

Back 73

Varicocele

Front 74

Inability to REDUCE swollen foreskin back to its natural position

Back 74

Paraphimosis

Front 75

most common malignant renal tumor of childhood

Back 75

Wilm's Tumor

Front 76

Focal tenderness about epididymis, &/or generalized to testicle
Prehn’s sign: relief of pain with elevation of testis

Back 76

Epididymitis

Front 77

RT ventricular heave, wide and constantly split S2, and a systolic ejection murmur in the pulmonic area and a mid-diastolic rumble in the lower right sternal border

Back 77

Atrial Septal Defect

Front 78

note weak or absent femoral pulses and delayed femoral pulse when compared with upper extremities

Back 78

Coarctation of the Aorta

Front 79

bounding pulses and a machine-like murmur. Murmur starts after S1, peaks at S2, and softens during diastole.

Back 79

Patent Ductus Arteriosis

Front 80

Pharm treatment of PDA

Back 80

Indomethacin

Front 81

harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur that begins slightly after S1 and is heard best at the apex and lower left sternal border

Back 81

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Front 82

4 Components of ToF

Back 82

1. Ventricular septal defect (VSD).
2. Pulmonary Stenosis
3. Right ventricular hypertrophy.
4. Overriding large ascending aorta

Front 83

Boot shaped heart
right ventricular heave is noted with a loud systolic ejection murmur at the left sternal border

Back 83

Tetrology of Fallot

Front 84

holosystolic murmur heard best at the middle to lower left sternal border

Back 84

Ventricular Septal Defecr

Front 85

Major Jones Criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever

Back 85

Carditis, polyarthritis, chorea, erythema marginatum, and subcutaneous nodules

Front 86

Minor Jones Criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever

Back 86

Arthalgia, fever, eleveated ESR, CRP, Prolonged PR interval

Front 87

Bilateral non-suppurative conjunctivitis
Mucosal membrane changes (dried)
Desquamation of extremities
Polymophorus rash
Cervical Lymphadenopathy

Back 87

kawasaki Disease

Front 88

Child presents with flexed and IR arm and refuses to move it

Back 88

Nursemaid's Elbow

Front 89

Ligament trapped in Nursemaids Elbow

Back 89

annular

Front 90

Treatment of Nursemaid's elbow

Back 90

o Hyper-pronation
o Flexion/supination/extension

Front 91

Obese, hypogonadic, adolescent boy presents with loss of IR, flexion, & abduction of his hip

Back 91

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Front 92

Insidious groin & anterior thigh pain, limp
Loss of int. & ext. rotation

Back 92

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
• Femoral head avascular necrosis

Front 93

difficulty running, jumping, and walking up steps, and may use their hands to push upright from squatting or sitting

Back 93

Duchene's Muscular Dystrophy

Front 94

treatment of clubfoot

Back 94

serial casting

Front 95

o most common foot deformity in newborn d/t uterine packing

Back 95

Metatarsus Adductus

Front 96

treatment of Metatarsus Adductus

Back 96

passive correction resolves by 12-18 months

Front 97

 Fever, Headache, Photophobia
 Stiff neck, Confusion
• Brudzinski’s sign, Kernigs sign

Back 97

Meningitis

Front 98

when should treatment be started for meningitis

Back 98

within 20 min do not wait for LP results

Front 99

50% with exudative pharyngitis, 50% with splenomegally, Posterior lymphadenopathy

Back 99

Mononucleosis
Epstein Barr Virus

Front 100

Children with fever >101ºF (38.3ºC) of at least eight days' duration, in whom no diagnosis is apparent after initial outpatient or hospital evaluation that includes a careful history and physical examination and initial laboratory assessment

Back 100

FUO- fever of unknown origin

Front 101

HA, fever rash
Camping last weekend

Back 101

RMSF- Doxy or tetra

Front 102

o Most common autosomal chromosomal abnormality in humans

Back 102

Trisomy 21- Down's Syndrome

Front 103

Down Syndrome children are prone to what 2 GI complications

Back 103

duodenal atresia and Hirschsprung's disease

Front 104

short stature, webbed neck, low hairline, lymphedema of hands and feet at birth, shield-shaped chest, and multiple pigmented nevi

Back 104

Turner's Syndrome

Front 105

become acutely sick over days/weeks
Bleeding gums, weight loss, anorexia
Labs:WBC>50K- Pancytopenia and circulating blasts

Back 105

ALL

Front 106

The most common pediatric malignancy.

Back 106

ALL

Front 107

pancytopenia with circulating blasts and Auer Rods

Back 107

AML

Front 108

Reed-Sternberg cells.
Painless cervical , supraclavicular, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy

Back 108

Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Front 109

Will present with non tender mass in the Neck or Head or a non tender abdominal mass.

Back 109

Non-hodgkin's