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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Q. If discharge is purulent what type of infection?
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Bacterial infxn
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Q. If discharge is watery what type of infection?
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Viral Infection
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Q. Aniridia is etiology for?
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Wilm’s tumor
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Q. Leukocoria has etiology for what 6 things?
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retinoblastoma, retinopathy of prematurity, pupillary membrane, cataract, vitreous opacities, retinal detachment, and retinal dysplasia.
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Q. Usually bacterial, may be viral, fungal or allergic. Diffuse injection of conjunctiva, moderate to heavy d/c, clear corneal transparency is characteristic of what disease?
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Acute Conjunctivitis
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Q. Good treatment for acute conjunctivitis?
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Breastmilk
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Q. Uncommon, purple-red/circumcorneal injection, visual acuity is decreased, cornea may be hazy is characteristic of what condition?
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Acute Iritis
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Q. SXM of periorbital cellulitis include what?
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fever, erythema, tenderness and swelling of the eyelid. Also known as “Preseptal Cellulitis”, b/c the infxn is anterior to the orbital septum.
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Q. SXM of orbital cellulitis include what?
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Same sx as periorbital, but also has proptosis, edema of the conjunctiva, opthalmoplegia, or decreased visual acuity.
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Q. Stages of visual acuity?
Newborn? 6 Wks? 3 Mos? 6 Mos? |
Newborn: eyelid response to bright light is adequate
6 WKS: eye-to-eye contact with slow following movements 3 MOS: fixing and following ocular movements for objects at a distance of 2-3 feet 6 MOS: interest in movement across the room is nml. |
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Q. Hallmark sign of shaken baby syndrome?
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Retinal Hemmorage
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Q. Hives which can occur w/intro of NEW FOOD (or dyes), and may not show up until 2 DAYS after?
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Erythema multiforme
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Q. Usually from meds, rash more generalized. The major form has 2 or more mucous membranes affected?
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Stevens-Johnson syndrome (AKA Erythema Multiforme)
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Q. Reiter's syndrome can be related to what STD?
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Chlamydia
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Q. How long do people with Kawasakis disease have a fever?
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5 Days
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Q. When should an ECG or ECHO be taken when the patient has Kawasakis disease?
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ECG and ECHO during and 2-3 mos. post!
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Q. Adenovirus can look like Kawasaki Dz the kidney has higher what 5 things?
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1. WBC, 2. ESR, 3. Platelets, 4. ALT, 5. pyuria
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Q. Name the disease: Aggravated: allergies, 2nd hand smoke, reclined bottle feeding, pacifier use (should d/c use by 10-18mos ideally) dehydration, dry pharynx
S/Sx: Pain, irritability, hearing loss, decreased appetite. |
Otitis Media
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Q. How long should Otitis media be waited on before treating with antibiotics?
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2-3 days
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Q. Xylitol administered only during what infxn was ineffective in preventing AOM?
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ACUTE
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Q. What does otitis media effusion commonly cause in children?
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Temporary acquired hearing loss
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Q. Best natural treatment for otitis externa?
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1. Rubbing alcohol 2. white vinegar (1:1)
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Q. This condition Presents like OM BUT may present with more pain?
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Bullous Myringitis
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Q. Labrynthitis is a hospital refferal? T or F.
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True
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Q. Post auricular pain / fever, swelling, redness. 9% mastoiditis cases >>>meningitis?
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Mastoiditis
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Q. The presence of a greasy-looking mass in the ear with debris?
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Cholesteatoma
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Q. Foreign BODY in the nose will lead to what 3 things?
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Discharge, malodorous, pain
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Q. Patients who have taken steroids and had Eczema then Asthma, probably have this condition?
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Allergic Rhinitis
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Q. Nasolacrimal duct cases usually resolve in 1 year? T or F?
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True
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Q. When is surgery not helpful in Nasolacrimal duct cases?
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After 13 months
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Q. Children with this condition may have feeding issues, or “clicking” when feeding?
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Cleft Palate
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Q. Is there any way to treat glomerulonephritis?
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No
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Q. Name the condition:
Neck mass, Fever, sore throat. Usually only in <4yo, b/c retropharyngeal nodes atrophy after that… Exam: child unable to look up at ceiling |
Retropharyngeal Abscess
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Q. Name the Condition: 1. Similar presentation as Retropharyngeal Abscess
2. Trismus: inability to open mouth, so talks through teeth |
Tonsilar/Peritonsilar Abscess
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Q. Name the condition: Can Mimick Strep Pharyngitis. Papular/vesicular/ulcerative lesions on the pharynx, tonsils
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Herpangina
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Q. 1. Natal Teeth?
2. Neonatal teeth? |
1. Erupt w/in 1st 30 days postnatally.
2. Present at birth |
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Q. Name the condition: Possibly related to lithium exposure, possibly related to psoriasis?
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Geographic Tongue
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Q. IMPORTANT: Average WBC count for 1mo-1yr?
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7,000-17,000
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Q. IMPORTANT: Average WBC count for >1yr?
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4,000-12,000
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Q. What stage do patients with measels get Koplik Spots?
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2nd stage: Prodromal or Catharal
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Q. What illness accounts for 60% of deaths from measles?
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Pneumonia
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Q. 1. What supplement helped measels infections?
2. What immunoglobulin increased in these patients? |
1. Vitamin A
2. IgG |
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Q. Name the condition: Mild prodromal phase, catarrh, LA at retroauricular, post. cervical, and occipital (x~24hrs). Then rash on face, head, neck and quickly spreads to rest of the body.
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Rubella
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Q. What is a complication commonly seend in patients with rubella?
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congenital rubella deafness
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Q. starts as non-specific viral prodrome followed by rash. Rash may occur anywhere
Maculopapular>>> maculovesicular>>>Ruptures>>>scabs. Intense Itch. |
Varicella (Chicken Pox)
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Q. What are 2 complications of chicken pox?
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1. DEAFNESS, deep ear pain, facail paralysis)
2. enceph |
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Q. Concern if mom contracts varicella how many days 1. pre-birth to how many days 2. post-birth?
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1. Pre-Birth: 4d .
2. Post Birth: 2d |
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Q. Name the condition: This baby has Aversion to
being held, high pitch shrill cry Nuchal rigidity? 1. Whats the condition? 2. What to screen for? |
1. Menningitis
2. Hearing Loss |
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Q. Name the condition: May come on quick or slow. Initial sx may be nonspecific or flu-like. Inflammation of the brain?
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Encephalitis
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Q. Name the condition: Causes: Strep, Staph, Listeria, Neisseria, Salmonella. SXM LOW CAPILLARY REFILL, FEVER, AND PETECHIAE?
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Septicemia
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Q. Rhinorrhea, cough, fever, petechiae/purpura, tachypnea are common in Meningococcemia. What age age group will you see an increased risk in?
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4 Year olds
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Q. Name the condition: 3-4 d. of high fever followed by recession of fever>>> immediate maculopapular rash on trunk>>> neck and arms>>> fades within 24 hrs?
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Roseola infantum
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Q. Acute painful swelling of the salivary glands, most often the parotids. 1. Name the condition? 2. What is the complication?
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1. Mumps
2. Orchitis |
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Q. Treatment for mumps?
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Phytolacca. .5ml Max Daily
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Q. Parvovirus B19
S/Sx: "slapped cheek" appearance, followed by maculopapular rash on trunk. Measure IgG levels to Parvo: If NEG? |
Erythema infectiosum
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Q. Name the condition: abd pain, H/A, strawberry tongue, "SANDPAPER RASH”. Rash initially in groin, axilla, neck?
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Scarlett Fever
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Q. What is the diagnostic test for Rheumatic fever?
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No diagnostic tests, EXCEPT for EKG…
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Q. Name the condition: 1. Carditis-mitral insufficiency murmur
2) Polyarthritis 3) Sydenham's chorea-emotional instability 4)Erythema marginatum 5) SubQ nodules—(severe), over joints, scalp and spine. Up to 1 in, NT and movable. |
Rheumatic Fever
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Q. Name the condition: Coxsackie viruses A5, A10, A16. Vesicles and/or red papules found on hands, feet, and mouth?
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Hand Foot Mouth Disease
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Q. Name the condition:
Rash—non-blanchable papules on thighs, lower legs and buttocks. Fever and polyarthralgia. |
Henoch-schonlein purpura
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Q. Vesicular / papular rash that weeps, honey-colored, crusting, erythematous border is Impetigo. IMPORTANT: What is the cause?
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S.Aureus, maybe S. Pyogenes
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Q. Caused by pox virus, can resolve on its own or may be removed by the same methods as warts. 1. Name the condition? 2. What is the treatment?
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1. Molluscum Contagiosum
2. Chaparral Salve or Vinegar |
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Q. Scabies is a condition of extreme itching, wavy dark lines which indicate burrows of scabies bug. Where is this condition found on the body?
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Located mainly at finger webs, flexor surface of the wrists, elbows, axilla, beltline.
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Q. Rocky mountain spotted fever commonly shows on the patient on what days?
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Day 3 & 4
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Q. Where on the body does Rocky Mountain Spotted fever begin and then spread?
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Begins on ankles / wrists / palms / soles, and then trunk in next 6-18 hrs.
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Q. The periodic fever is usu. the main complaint. What syndrome is usually present?
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PFAPA Syndrome
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Q. What is the best treatment for infections?
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Vit A (Keratinization). Also increase T-Lymphocytes.
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Q. Larch does what for the immune response to bacterial infection? What does it stimulate?
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Enhancing immune response to bacterial infection:
Stimulation of phagocytosis. Competitive binding of bacterial fimbriae, or bacterial opsonization. |
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Q. What is a major side effect of Echinacea?
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Hayfever
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Q. When performing a pulmonary exam, what 3 things do you inspect for?
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1. RETRACTIONS between ribs and at suprasternal notch
2. DIAPHRAGM PULLING against the chest wall 3. CLUBBING |
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Q. When performing a pulmonary exam, what 4 things do you palpate for?
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1. CHEST EXPANSION: check for asymmetry.
2. TRACHEAL DEVIATION is shown with mediastinum shift 3. FREMITUS should be assessed if pleural effusion is suspected. 4. PALPABLE VIBRATION |
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Q. Percussion:
Dullness? Hyperresonance? In children where should the diaphragm be? |
1. consolidation (PNEUMONIA).
2. Asthma or rarely in an infant, emphysema. 3. At the bottom of the scapula |
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Q. Auscultation:
1. Crackles /wheezes? 2. Rubs? 3. Absence of breath sounds? |
1. abnormal.
2. Creaking sounds during both insp/exp 3. Consolidation or collapse. |
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Q. Name the condition:
barking cough, then stridor. Retractions, air hunger and cyanosis in severe cases? |
Viral Croup
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Q. What is a key X-Ray finding of croup?
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"Steeple sign"
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Q. Epiglottis seems toxic, anxious and remarkably still.
Considered a medical emergency! True or False? |
True
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Q. Name the condition: expiratory wheezing, and resp distress (nasal flaring, retractions, cyanosis)
RSV most common cause? |
Bronchiolitis
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Q. By what age do all children show antibodies to Bronchiolitis?
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ALL children show Antibodies by 3 years old
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Q. What are 3 SXM to differentiate bronchiolitis from asthma?
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1. Onset of wheezing insidious
2. Fhx of asthma/allergy uncommon 3. Less responsive to inhaler |
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Q. What treatment do most patients respond to in Bronchiolitis?
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Some MAY respond to albuterol
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Q. What is a strong risk factor for death in patients with Bronchiolitis?
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Tobacco use during pregnancy
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Q. Name the condition: S/Sx: wheezing, exercise intolerance, SOB, cough, recurrent bronchitis/pneumonia
Resp distress signs with severe cases--nasal flaring, retractions, accessory mm use, cyanosis? |
Asthma
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Q. Failure to respond to what treatment is very sensitive indicator that they don’t have asthma?
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Bronchodilators
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Q. Breast feeding lowered rates of asthma in children? True or False?
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True
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Q. Asthmatic patients have a low intake of what 3 vitamins and a high intake of what?
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Low intake of Vitamin A, E, & C
High Intake of Saturated Fatty Acids |
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Q. May show as chronic cough, persistent wheezing, or recurrent pneumonia. Cyanosis if severe?
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Foreign Body Aspiration
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Q. Patients with Cystic Fibrosis show what physical findings in there:
1. Lungs? 2. GI? |
1. Lungs: increased AP diameter
2. GI: meconium ileus at birth |
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Q. Patients with Cystic Fibrosis tend to be infertile? True or False?
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True
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Q. What is the most contagious stage of pertussis?
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Cataharral
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Q. Infants are severely and sometimes fatally affected? True or False?
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True
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Q. Name the condition: Cough that starts off dry, then eventually becomes productive?
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1. Bronchitis
Low dose Vitamin C is great at treating it |
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Q. Name the condition: Pleural involvement: splinting, pain, friction rub, dullness to percussion. Inspiratory crackles?
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Pneumonia
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Q. ZINC supplementation was seen to help what respiratory condition?
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Pneumonia
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Q. What type of study should be ordered to DX Pneumonia?
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Frontal Chest X-Ray
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Q. If recurrent Pneumonia what 5 other syndromes should be considered?
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Incoordination w/ aspiration, Immune d.o., 1. CHD, 2. Asthma, 3. Pulmonary Anomalies, 4. GERD, 5. Sickle Cell
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Q. Antitussives are restricted to what?
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Dry coughs unless cough is completely exhausting/ preventing sleep
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Q. Are Expectorants HELPFUL OR NOT helpful for coughs of pleural or pharyngeal origin?
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NOT HELPFUL, THEY INCREASE RESPIRATORY FLUID SECRETION
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Q. Name 4 Anti-Spasmodics?
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1. Trifolium pratense: measles
2. Pleurisy root: acute bronchitis or influenza 3. Lungwort/Sticta: 4. Sundew/Drosera: Asthmatic or Croup |
