Pediatrics - Pulmonary

Front 1

What common disease is characterized by reversible airway obstruction with accompanying bronchial hypersensitivity?

Back 1

Asthma

Front 2

What disease is caused by a defect in the chloride channel on epithelial cells?

Back 2

CF

Front 3

Name the mode of inheritance and the chromosome responsible for CF.

Back 3

Autosomal recessive (AR) on chromosome 7 (CF)

Front 4

What gastrointestinal (GI) manifestation in the neonate is pathognomonic for CF?

Back 4

Meconium ileus (intestinal obstruction following inspissation of meconium)

Front 5

What is the most common manifestation of CF in infants and children?

Back 5

Failure to thrive

Front 6

What is the most common bacterial cause of pneumonia in children?

Back 6

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Front 7

Name the most common clinical manifestations of CF in the following organ system:
Respiratory

Back 7

1. Nasal polyps
2. Sinusitis
3. Bacterial pneumonia
4. Digital clubbing
5. Cough
6. Hemoptysis

Front 8

Name the most common clinical manifestations of CF in the following organ system:
GI

Back 8

Pancreatic insufficiency (causing malabsorption, diarrhea, and failure to thrive), diabetes, rectal prolapse, and meconium ileus

Front 9

Name the most common clinical manifestations of CF in the following organ system:
Hepatobiliary

Back 9

Neonatal jaundice, portal hypertension, and cirrhosis

Front 10

Name the most common clinical manifestations of CF in the following organ system:
Reproductive

Back 10

Impaired fertility in males

Front 11

Name the diagnositc test of choice in CF

Back 11

Sweat chloride test (levels greater than 60mEq/L)

Front 12

What is the recommended treatment for CF?

Back 12

DNAse (Pulmozyme), pancreatic enzymes, and vitamins

Front 13

Name the most common types of group A streptococcal infections.

Back 13

Peritonsillar abscess, retropharyngeal abscess, rheumatic fever, poststreptococcal glomerulonephrits (PSGN)

Front 14

What complication is not avoided with antibiotic treatment?

Back 14

PSGN (poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis)

Front 15

Name the four clinical manifestations of PSGN.

Back 15

Hematuria, oliguria, hypertension, and edema

Front 16

Name the viral exanthem assoicated with the following clinical manifestation:
cough, coryza, conjunctivitis

Back 16

Measles (rubeola)

Front 17

Name the viral exanthem assoicated with the following clinical manifestation:
Fever with a vesicular rash at differnt stages

Back 17

Varicella (chickenpox)

Front 18

Name the viral exanthem assoicated with the following clinical manifestation:
Maculopapular rash, febrile seizures, and HHV-6 infection

Back 18

Roseola infantum

Front 19

Name the viral exanthem assoicated with the following clinical manifestation:
"Slapped cheek" appearance with parvovirus B19 infection

Back 19

Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

Front 20

Name the viral exanthem assoicated with the following clinical manifestation:
Painful ulcers on the tongue and oral mucosa and a maculopapular rash on the distal limbs and buttocks.

Back 20

Hand, foot, and mouth (and butt) disease (coxackievirus)

Front 21

What is the differential diagnosis for upper airway obstruction?

Back 21

Foreign body aspiration, croup, epiglottitis, retropharyngeal absces, bacterial tracheitis, angioedema

Front 22

croup or epiglottitis?
Most commonly caused by parainfluenza virus infectin

Back 22

Croup

Front 23

croup or epiglottitis?
Presents with high fever, "sniffing dog" position, toxic appearance, and drooling

Back 23

epiglottitis

Front 24

croup or epiglottitis?
Very rare due to the Hib vaccination

Back 24

epiglottitis

Front 25

croup or epiglottitis?
Responds best to racemic epinephrine

Back 25

Croup

Front 26

croup or epiglottitis?
Frequently requires emergent endotracheal intubation

Back 26

Epiglottitis

Front 27

croup or epiglottitis?
"Steeple sign" on anteroposterior (AP) neck films

Back 27

Croup (think of a Group of people going to the steeple)

Front 28

croup or epiglottitis?
Presents with inspiratory stridor and a "barky cough"

Back 28

Croup

Front 29

What are the three most common organisms that cause otitis media (OM)?

Back 29

Bulging tympanic membrane (TM), loss of TM light reflex, decreased mobility of the TM on pneumatic otoscopy

Front 30

What is the typical treatmennt for OM?

Back 30

High-dose amoxicillin (80-90 mg/kg/day) for 10 days

Front 31

What is the recommended treatment for a neonate with meningitis?

Back 31

Ampicillin and gentamicin or ampicillin and cefotaxime (older children - vancomycin and ceftriaxone)