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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are examples of primary skin lesions?
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• macules
• papules • nodules • vesicles • bullae • pustules • wheals • cysts • plaques |
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Which primary lesion is described as an alteration in skin color that can not be felt?
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macules
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Which primary lesion is described as solid lesions less than 1 cm?
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papules
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Which primary skin lesion is described as solid lesions larger than 1 cm?
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nodules
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What are the 2 primary skin fluid-filled lesions?
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• Vesicles: around 0.5 cm
• Bullae: larger fluid-filled lesions |
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Which primary skin lesion is describe as flat-topped, palpable lesions?
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wheals
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Which primary skin lesions are describe as circumcribed, thick-walled lesions located deep in the skin?
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cysts
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List examples of secondary skin lesions
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• crusts
• erosions • excoriations • fissures • lichenfication • scales • ulcers |
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What are lichenifications?
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• thickening of the skin with accentuation of normal skin lines
• caused by chronic irritation or inflammation |
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What is the most common diagnosis of children with skin problems?
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• bacterial skin infection (#1)
• fungal skin infection (#2) |
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What is the most common pediatric skin problem and the most common bacterial skin infection?
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Impetigo
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What are the most common causes of impetigo?
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• S. aureus (most common)
• GABHS |
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What are complications of impetigo?
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• cellulitis
• osteomyelitis • pneumonia • poststreptococcal GN (from GABHS) • septic arthritis • septicemia |
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What skin infection is caused by exfoliatin toxin from staphylococci?
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• Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
• causes cleavage of skin between the epidermis and dermis |
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How does Tinea Vesicolor present?
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• reddisk brown to hypopigmented lesions
• commonly in neck, upper chest, back, and arms (face in adolescents) |
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What is the treatment for Tinea Vesicolor?
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• topical therapy (ex. Selenium sulfide, miconazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole)
OR • oral therapy with ketoconazole |
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Which fungal infection is a dematophyte infection of the scalp?
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Tinea Capitis
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How does Tinea Capitis present clinically?
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• small papules at base of hair follicles to scaly circular plaques
• hairs become brittle and broken developing into alopecia |
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What is the treatment for Tinea Capitis?
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• Griseofulvin (PO for 8-12 weeks)
• Selenium sulfide shampoo |
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What precautions must be taken for patient taking Griseofulvin?
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can cause hepatotoxity (need to monitor LFTs)
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Which fungal infection presents as a dry, mildly erythematous, elevated, scaly papule or plaque with center clearing? What is the treatment?
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• Tinea Corporis (aka Ringworm)
• Tx: - topical antifungal for 2-4 weeks - oral griseofulvin (if severe) |
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Which fungal infection presents with red erythema and satellite lesions?
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Candida
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What is the treatment of oral thrush?
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nystatin
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What is the treatment for scabies?
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• Permethrin 5% cream (entire body for 8-12 hours & reapply in 1 week)
• treat entire household and all caregivers • launder all linens |
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Which skin infection presents as a clear umbiliicated pustule?
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Molluscum Contagiosum
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What is the cause of Molluscum Contagiosum?
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poxvirus
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Child with scaly pruritic rash in the neck, face and axilla. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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atopic dematitis
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What is the allergic triad?
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• atopic dermatitis
• allergic rhinitis • asthma |
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What is the clinical presentation of hives?
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well-circumscribed, erythematous, raised skin lesions (wheals or welts)
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What are causes of hives?
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• contactants (ex. plants, insect, animal saliva)
• infectious agents (ex. virus, bacteria, parasites) • ingestants (ex. food, drugs) • injectants (ex. transfused blood, insect stings) • physical factors (ex. cold, head, exercise) • systemic disease |
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What is the treatment of urticaria?
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• avoidance of trigger
• antihistamine • corticosteroids • epinephrine for acute severe uritcaria • can add H2 blocker for severe cases |
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Which viral skin infection presents with a herald patch and christmas tree pattern over the thorax?
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Pityriasis Rosea
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What causes acne?
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obstruction of the sebaceous follicle from overproduction of stratum corneum cell
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What are the 4 phases of acne?
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• comedones
• papules • pustules • nodulocystic lesions |
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What are topical treatments for acne?
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• adapalene
• benzoyl peroxide • retinoic acid • topical antibiotics |
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What are systemic treatments for acne?
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• antibiotics (ex. tetracycline)
• hormonal therapy (for females who antibiotics are not effective) • isotretinoin (is teratogenic) • intralesional injection of low-dose gluococorticoids |
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Which skin lesion is described as "tear drop on a rose"?
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chickenpox
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