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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the leading cause of nonpharmacologic ingestion fatality in the US
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organophosphate poisoning (organophosphates bind irreversibly to cholinesterase of neurons and erythrocytes, leading to failure to terminate the effects of ACh at the receptor sites)
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what does the mnemonic "dumb bels" stand for?
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diarrhea/defecation
urination miosis bradycardia bronchorrhea emesis/excitation of the muscles lacrimation salivation these are the signs/sx's of cholinergic excess |
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how would you make the diagnostic confirmation of organophosphate poisoning?
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decreased serum pseudocholinesterase and erythrocyte cholinesterase levels
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tx of organophosphate poisoning?
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supportive care and the use of one of the following:
atropine (antagonizes muscarinic receptor) OR pralidoxime (cholinesterase-reactivating oxime; esp useful for patients with significant muscle weakness) |
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most common bacterial pathogens causing otitis media
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S. pneumoniae, non-typeable H influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis
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tx and complications of acute OM
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initial tx: amoxicillin
if resistant: change to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime or ceftriaxone complications: mastoiditis, temporal bone osteomyelitis, facial nerve palsy, epi/subdural abscess, meningitis,etc |
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what is the therapy for narcosis in a newborn (newborn respiratory depression due to maternal pain control)?
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IV, IM, subcutaneous, or endotracheal administration of naloxone (Narcan)
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having a stepping response after 3 months of age OR a moro reflex after 6 mo OR asymmetrical tonic neck reflex after 6 mo is likely due to what condition?
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cerebral palsy
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digital clubbing, recurrent sinusitis, growth retardation and fat malabsorption are clues to the dx of __________.
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cystic fibrosis
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what are some causes of nonphysiologic jaundice?
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septicemia, biliary atresia, hepatitis, galactosemia, hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, congenital hemolytic anemia, drug-induced hemolytic anemia, antibodies directed at the fetal RBC
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high levels of unconjugated bilirubin may lead to K______
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kernicterus (an irreversible neurologic syndrome resulting from brain cell deposits)
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define pulsus paradoxus
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BP that varies more widely w/ respiration than normal. a variance of greater than 10 mmHg b/w inspiration and expiration suggets obstructive airway dz, pericardial tamponade, or constrictive pericarditis
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differentiate b/w immediate and late-phase rxn
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immediate: airway inflammation resulting from mast cell activation
late phase rxn: occurs 2-4 hrs after acute response, characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells into the airway parenchyma |
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t or f. since the sweat chloride test is high sensitivity, a negative result almost always means that the pt does not have cystic fibrosis.
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F. a neg test does not preclude CF
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name the condition that is nearly pathognomonic for CF in the newborn period
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meconium ileus
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