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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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spina bifida occulta
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incomplete fusion of the posterior vertebral arch
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meningocele
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external protrussion of the meninges and CSF
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myelomeningocele
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external potrusion of the meninges, spinal cord and CSF
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Etiology of the spina bifida and menin...
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not been identified, viruses, radiology, and other environmental factors may be responsible
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clinical manifestation of spina bifida
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spina bifeda occulta- is often accompanied by a depression in the skin, tuft of hair, and soft fatty deposits. this does not have neurological dysfuntion, but occasional bowel and bladder disturbances or foot weaknes
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Diagnosis of pediatrics spina bifida and the meningo...
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prenatal US, and serum testing
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clinical manifestation- spina bifida and menin...
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Meningocele-sac like cyst potrudes outside the spine. this rarely causes neurological dysfuntion.
Myelomeningocele-may be accompanied by flaccid or spactic paralysis, various combinations of bowel and bladder incontinence, muskuloskeletal deformities, hydrocephalus, and sometimes mental retardation |
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treatment of spina bifida or meningo...
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planned C-section,fetal repair. A C-section is the preferred method to prevent trauma to the neural sac. Prenatal closure by fetal surgery has been found to decreased the incidence of hydrocephalus
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PT(physical therapy) of the spina bifida and menin...
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Positioning, ROM, therapeutic exercises, facilitation of developmental milestones, adaptive equipment, splinting, orthotic prescription, and w/c prescription.
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Developmental Dysplasia of the hip
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it is a developmental process occuring in the utero or the first year of life.
It can be unilateral or bilateral, and it occurs in three forms |
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Developmental Dysplasia of the hip
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1-unstable hip dysplasia-in which the hip is positioned normally but can be deslocated by manipulation.
2-subluxation or incomplete dislocation- in which the femoral head remains in contact with the acetabulum but the head of the femur is partially displaced or uncovered. 3-complete dislocation-which the femoral head is totally outside the acetabulum |
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Risk factors of hip dsyplacia
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Breech delivery( head is not coming first), large neonates, twin or multiple births, or other conditions such as idiopathic scoliosis, meningocele, and CP
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Clinical Manisfestations of hip dysplasia
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in the new born and non- ambulatory up to 12 months, any observed physical asymmetries in ROM, asymmetry in the buttock or gluteal fold, extra high skin folds, or leg length discrepancy.
in the ambulatory child not normal gait pattern by a limp |
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Diagnosis of the hip dysplacia
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clinical manisfestations
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Treatment of hip displasia
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harness is placed, hip is positioned 100 of flexion, 90 of abd until the joint capsule tightens and the acetabulum molded. the infant wears this continuosly for 3-9 months, weaning(putting slowly) its use to nighttime.
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Prognosis of hip dysplacia
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if the dislocation is correct in the first few weeks of life the dysplasia is completely reversible and a normal hip can develop with rates of succes as high as 95%
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