Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the percentage range for Neutrophils and are they for?
|
55-70%; Fight infection
|
|
|
What is the percentage range for Lymphocytes and are they for?
|
20-40%; Fight infection
|
|
|
What is the percentage range for Monocytes and are they for?
|
2-8%; Fight infection
|
|
|
What is the percentage range for Eosinophils and are they for?
|
1-4%; Allergic reaction, parasitic infection
|
|
|
What is the percentage range for Basophils and what are the for?
|
0.5-1%; Allergic reaction
|
|
|
What is a macule?
|
A flat discoloration of the skin, less than 1 cm in diameter, and nonpalpable.
|
|
|
What are some examples of macules?
|
Freckle, measles, flat mole, scarlet fever, petechia
|
|
|
What is a papule?
|
Elevated/solid lesion, less than 1 cm in diameter
|
|
|
What are some examples of papules?
|
milia, wart, ringworm, mole lichen planus
|
|
|
How does a preschool child exhibit loss of control?
|
Tantrums, clinging, and withdrawal
|
|
|
How is chicken pox spread?
|
*Direct contact,
*Droplet, *Airborne, *Contaminated objects |
|
|
What are the signs and symptoms seen with chickenpox?
|
*Slight fever,
*Malaise, *Anorexia for the first 24 hours, *Very itchy rash *Irritability from itching, *Lymphadenopathy |
|
|
What is the treatment for chickenpox?
|
*Antiviral agent such as Acyclovir (Zovirax),
*Varicella-zoster immune globulin (VZIG) after exposure in high risk children, *Antihistamines to relieve itching, *Skin care to prevent secondary bacterial infections. |
|
|
What are the complications of chickenpox?
|
*Secondary bacterial infections
*Encephalitis *Varicella Pneumonia *Reye's Syndrome |
|
|
What are the nursing interventions for chickenpox?
|
*Strict contact isolation in hospital (gown, gloves & mask),
*Instruct isolation of children at home until vesicles have dried, *Keep the pt cool, *Administer topical lotions, *Keep the patient's fingernails short and clean, *Benedryl or Atarax for itching *Avoid use of aspirin |
|
|
How do you prevent chickenpox?
|
Primary immunization, and VZIG (Varicella Zoster Immune Globulin)
|
|
|
When is the chickenpox vaccine recommended?
|
The varicella vaccine should be given after the first birthday if the patient has not had chickenpox. Children 13 and over need 2 doses at least 4 weeks apart.
|
|
|
What is the incubation period for chickenpox?
|
10-21 days
|
|
|
When is chickenpox contagious?
|
1 day before eruption of lesions until all lesions are crusted over, usually 5-7 days.
|
|
|
What is the primary source of varicella zoster virus?
|
Primary secretions of respiratory tract of the infected person.
|
|
|
What is the agent of Diptheria?
|
Corynebacterium diptheriae bacteria
|
|
|
What is the source of Diptheria?
|
Droplets from mucous membranes of the nose, nasopharynx, skin and other lesions of infected person
|
|
|
How is Diptheria transmitted?
|
Direct contact with infected person, carrier or contaminated articles, or from droplets
|
|
|
What is the incubation period for Diptheria?
|
2-7 days, possibly longer
|
|
|
When is diptheria contagious?
|
Variable...until virulent bacteria is no longer present. Usually 2 weeks, but as long as 4 weeks.
|
|
|
What are the signs and symptoms of Diptheria?
|
Nasal symptoms resemble the common cold, may have frank epistaxis.
Tonsillar/pharyngeal symptoms include malaise, anorexia, sore throat, low-grade fever, smooth, adherent white/gray membrane, lymphadentis, in severe cases septic shock, toxemia, and death within 6-10 days Laryngeal signs are fever, hoarseness, cough, potential airway obstruction, apprehensiveness, retractions, cyanosis, dyspneic |
|
|
What is the treatment for Diptheria?
|
Antitoxin usually via IV, antibiotics (PCN or erythromcyin), complete bed rest. Treatment of infected carriers and contacts!
|
|
|
What are the complications of Diptheria?
|
Myocarditis & Neuritis
|
|
|
What are the nursing interventions for Diptheria?
|
Droplet isolation in the hospital, administer antibiotics, maintain complete bed rest, observe for respiratory obstruction, and administer oxygen if ordered.
|
|
|
How do you prevent Diptheria?
|
DTaP or Td (IM) immunizations
2 mos, 4 mos, 6 mos, 12-15 mos, 4-6 yrs, & q 10 yr (Td) |
