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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Croup Prototype
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HX (MC): Barking cough
Coughing worse at night rhinitis PE (MC) stridor, temperature >100 and <102 suprasternal retractions Labs (MC): AP cervical X ray: airway narrowing is noted |
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Bronchiolitis
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Hx (MC) age <12 months, rhinitis
(C) coughing worse at night PE (MC): tachypnea, wheezes intercostal retractions, temperature > 100 and < 102, decreased O2 saturation Labs (MC); nasal swab RSV positive, Chest inflation (hyperinflation) (C): Chest X ray: acteletesis is noted |
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Viral Pneumonia
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Hx (C) : rhinitis, coughing worse at night
PE (MC): temperature > 100 and < 102, tachypnea, decreased O2 saturation, intercostal retractions, crackles (LC) wheazes Labs: (MC) infiltrate is present (LC) chest xray - reveals hyperinflation and atelectesis is noted |
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Bacteria Pneumonia
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Hx (C): coughing worse at night
PE: (MC) crackles, temperature > 102, tachypnea Labs (MC) chest xray: infiltrate is present, WBC >20000 (LC) atelectesis is present |
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Asthma
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(MC) coughing worse at night
coughing worse with activity/ exercise PE: (MC) wheezes (C) tachypnea, decreased O2 saturation Labs (MC): Xray: reveals hyperinflation (C) atelectesis is noted |
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Foreign Body in Airway
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(MC) coughing sudden at onset
coughing worse at night Labs (MC) chest xray reveals hyperinflation |
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Epiglottidis
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Hx (MC) - coughing worse with activity/exercise, coughing sudden with onset
(C) barking cough PE (MC) temperature > 102 stridor head tilted forward Labs (MC) lateral cervical xray: Positive for a thumb sign (C) WBC > 20,000 |
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Croup (or laryngotracheobronchitis)
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respiratory condition that is usually triggered by an acute viral infection of the upper airway
The infection leads to swelling inside the throat, which interferes with normal breathing and produces the classical symptoms of a "barking" cough, stridor, and hoarseness due to diphtheria oral steroid/epinephrine (serious cases) 15% of all children |
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atelactasis
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lack of gas exchange within alveoli, due to alveolar collapse or fluid consolidation.
It may affect part or all of one lung It is a condition where the alveoli are deflated, as distinct from pulmonary consolidation. |
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bronchiolitis
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inflammation of bronchioles, smallest air passage of lung
90% of the patients are aged between 1 and 9 months old refers to acute viral bronchiolitis, a common disease in infancy. This is most commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV, also known as human pneumovirus). |
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HX: A 4 year old male presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse with activity.
PE: Vital Signs: Normal temperature. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: unremarkable. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions and wheezes. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows hyperinflation and mild atelectic streaks. Neck X-ray is negative. |
asthma
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HX: A 9 month old male presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is mild and not worsened with activity or time of day.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 101.5. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: rhinitis. RESPIRATORY exam: wheezes. LABS: nasal swab RSV positive. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows hyperinflation and mild atelectic streaks. Neck X-ray is negative. |
bronchiolitis
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HX: A 4 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a sudden onset of a barking cough which is worse with activity.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 104.3. Respiratory rate is normal. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: the head is tilted forward. RESPIRATORY exam: stridor. LABS: WBC >20 thousand. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows no pathology. Neck X-ray is positive for "thumb-sign". |
epiglottidis
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HX: A 5 month old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse during the night.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 100.1. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: rhinitis. RESPIRATORY exam: wheezes. LABS: nasal swab RSV positive. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows slight atelectic streaks. Neck X-ray is negative. |
bronchiolitis
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HX: A 4 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a barking cough which is mild and not worsened with activity or time of day.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 100.4. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is normal. HEENT: rhinitis and suprasternal retractions are present. RESPIRATORY exam: stridor. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows no pathology. Neck X-ray is positive for cervical airway narrowing. |
croup
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HX: A 9 month old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is mild and not worsened with activity or time of day.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 103.6. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is normal. HEENT: unremarkable. RESPIRATORY exam: crackles. LABS: WBC >20 thousand. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows infiltrate. Neck X-ray is negative. |
bacteria pneumonia (diff from viral WBC > 20000 and > 102 degree)
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HX: A 4 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse during the night.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 101. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: rhinitis and suprasternal retractions are present. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions and crackles. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows infiltrate. Neck X-ray is negative |
viral pneumonia
(has decreased oxygen sat, intercostal retractions, wheezes, temp btw 100 and 102 and rhinitis) |
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HX: A 2 year old male presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse during the night and worse with activity.
PE: Vital Signs: Normal temperature. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is normal. HEENT: unremarkable. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions and wheezes. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows mild atelectic streaks. Neck X-ray is negative |
asthma (gradual, not sudden with onset)
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HX: A 4 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a sudden onset of a cough which is worse during the night and worse with activity.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 102.4. Respiratory rate is normal. Oxygen saturation is normal. HEENT: the head is tilted forward. RESPIRATORY exam: stridor. LABS: WBC >20 thousand. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows no pathology. Neck X-ray is positive for "thumb-sign". |
epiglottidis
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HX: A 2 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a barking cough which is worse during the night.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 101.4. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is normal. HEENT: rhinitis and suprasternal retractions are present. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions and stridor. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows no pathology. Neck X-ray is positive for cervical airway narrowing. |
croup
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HX: A 3 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse during the night.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 101. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: rhinitis and suprasternal retractions are present. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions, wheezes and crackles. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows infiltrate. Neck X-ray is negative. |
viral pneumonia
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HX: A 2 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse during the night and worse with activity.
PE: Vital Signs: Normal temperature. Respiratory rate is normal. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: unremarkable. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows hyperinflation and mild atelectic streaks. Neck X-ray is negative. |
asthma
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HX: A 7 month old male presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is mild and not worsened with activity or time of day.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 101.3. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: rhinitis. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions and crackles. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows hyperinflation and infiltrate. Neck X-ray is negative. |
viral pneumonia (with crackles and infiltrate)
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HX: A 3 month old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse during the night.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 100.5. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: rhinitis. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions and wheezes. LABS: nasal swab RSV positive. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows mild atelectic streaks. Neck X-ray is negative |
bronchiolitis
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HX: A 3 month old male presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a sudden onset of a cough which is mild and not worsened with activity or time of day.
PE: Vital Signs: Normal temperature. Respiratory rate is normal. Oxygen saturation is normal. HEENT: unremarkable. RESPIRATORY exam: normal. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows no pathology. Neck X-ray is negative. |
foreign body in airway
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HX: A 8 month old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is mild and not worsened with activity or time of day.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 103.7. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: unremarkable. RESPIRATORY exam: crackles. LABS: WBC >20 thousand. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows infiltrate. Neck X-ray is negative. |
bacterial pneumonia
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HX: A 4 month old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse during the night.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 101.3. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: rhinitis. RESPIRATORY exam: intercostal retractions and wheezes. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows hyperinflation and mild atelectic streaks. Neck X-ray is negative. |
bronchiolitis (if NO crackles and infiltrate, NOT viral pneumonia!!!)
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HX: A 2 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a cough which is worse during the night.
PE: Vital Signs: Temp 101.7. Respiratory rate reveals a tachypnea. Oxygen saturation is decreased. HEENT: rhinitis. RESPIRATORY exam: crackles. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows hyperinflation and infiltrate. Neck X-ray is negative. |
viral pneumonia
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HX: A 3 year old female presents with difficulty breathing. The dyspnea is associated with a gradual onset of a barking cough which is worse during the night.
PE: Vital Signs: Normal temperature. Respiratory rate is normal. Oxygen saturation is normal. HEENT: rhinitis and suprasternal retractions are present. RESPIRATORY exam: stridor. LABS: unremarkable. RADIOLOGY: Chest X-ray shows no pathology. Neck X-ray is negative. |
croup has stridor and suprasternal retraction
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