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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Incubation
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time between entrance of pathogen and appearance of first symptoms
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Prodrome
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– time from nonspecific symptoms (fever, malaise) to more specific symptoms
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Convalescence
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acute symptoms of illness disappear
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Acetaminophen dosage
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10 -15 mg/kg/dose every 4-6 hours as needed not to exceed
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Ibuprofen dosage
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5-10 mg/kg/dose every 6-8 hours as needed. Not to be used in infants < 6 months of age
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Aspirin
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is generally NOT used in children because of the potential of Reye’s syndrome.
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Scarlett Fever
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Caused by the bacteria Group A beta Hemolytic Streptococcus
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Scarlett Fever
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Rash appears on chest and abdomen – feels rough like a piece of sandpaper
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Scarlett Fever
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Rash lasts 2-5 days
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Management of Scarlet Fever
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Respiratory precautions for 24 hours.
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Management of Scarlet Fever
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Oral antibiotic in the penicillin family for 10 days.
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Pertussis Transmission
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droplet spread or contact with contaminated article.
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Pertussis Incubation period
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10 days
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Pertussis period of communicability
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before onset of paroxysms to 4 weeks after onset.
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Pertussis management
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Administer antibiotics (macrolides ,erythromycin, azithromycin are drugs of choice in children > 1 yr)
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Rubella (German measles) transmission
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direct contact
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Rubella incubation period
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14 to 21 days
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Rubella period of communicability
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7 days before to 5 days after appearance of rash.
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Rubella treatment
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symptomatic; nonspecific
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Rubella rash
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rash first appears on face and rapidly spreads downward
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Rubeola (big Red measles)
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Transmission: respiratory, blood and urine
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Rubeola incubation period
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10 to 20 days
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Rubeola period of communicability:
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4 days before and 5 days after rash appears.
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Rubeola prodromal stage
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fever, cough, conjunctivitis, Koplik spots.
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Koplik’s spots
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small irregular, bright red spots, with bluish-white speck at center.
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Rubeola rash
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large flat red to brown blotches that often flow into one another to completely cover the skin, especially the face and shoulders.
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Rubeola treatment
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Vitamin A (100,000IU for children 6 to 12 months of age; 200,000IU for children > one year of age)
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Chicken Pox
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varicella zoster virus
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Chicken Pox transmission
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direct contact and droplet (airborne
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Chicken Pox period of contagion
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1-2 days before eruption of lesions and until the time when all lesions have crusted.
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Chicken Pox return to school
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When all lesions have crusted which is usually about 1 week.
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Chicken Pox incubation period
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10 to 21 days after exposure
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Chicken pox treatment
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itch control; fever management; antiviral medications
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Mumps transmission
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saliva of infected individuals
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Mumps incubation period
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14-21 days
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Mumps treatment
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Symptomatic including Tylenol or Motrin for discomfort/fever
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Mumps
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swelling of the parotid glands caused by the Paramyxovirus
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Pinworms - Symptoms
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Perianal itching & excoriation. Possible vaginal itching & infection
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Pinworms treatment
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Vermox
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Vermox
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mebendazole
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Vermox dosage
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one tablet and repeated in two weeks
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Conjunctivitis - Causes
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Bacterial, viral, allergic, foreign body
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Conjunctivitis - bacterial
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purulent eye drainage
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Conjunctivitis - viral
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watery eye discharge
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Conjunctivitis - allergic
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red, itching eyes
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Conjunctivitis - foreign body
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painful eye. Usually only one eye affected
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Conjunctivitis - treatment
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antibiotic ointment; Very contagious; use universal precautions to prevent spread
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