Pediatric Care

Front 1

An 11-year-old male is slow to respond and speaks incomprehensible words. His teacher tells you that he has been playing outside and he has not checked his blood sugar in four hours. He has a diabetic medical alert bracelet. What should you do?

Back 1

Administer one tube of oral glucose

You should administer a tube of oral glucose. He is a known diabetic with an altered mental status.

Front 2

A three-year-old male has a complete airway obstruction after swallowing a marble. He is now unresponsive. What should you do?

Back 2

Start chest compressions

The next form of treatment for a completely obstructed airway in an unresponsive patient is to perform chest compressions. He is unresponsive because his brain is not receiving enough oxygen and sugar to function.

Front 3

A four month old male is lethargic with a heart rate of 70. You have been assisting ventilations with a bag valve mask, but there has been no change. What should you do?

Back 3

Continue ventilations and transport emergently

You should continue to ventilate and transport because his heart rate is above 60 bpm. He is not in cardiac arrest that is why assisting ventilations is the most appropriate treatment.

Front 4

A six-year-old female complains of pain in her left arm. She landed on her hands after jumping off a swing at the playground. Her left radial pulse is absent. Vital signs are BP 96/70, P 120, R 16. What should you do?

Back 4

Reposition her arm and recheck the pulse

You should make one attempt to reposition her arm in an anatomically correct position and restore circulation to the extremity.

Front 5

A newborn is apneic immediately after delivery. How should you deliver ventilations?

Back 5

Neonatal bag valve mask with small puffs at a rate of 40to60/minute.

A neonatal bag valve mask will provide the appropriate depth of ventilations and 40 to 60 times per minute is the appropriate rate of ventilations.

Front 6

For a six-year-old child, what happens when an oral airway is inserted with the curvature towards the roof of the mouth and then rotated as it is inserted?

Back 6

Risk of trauma to the soft plate.

A pediatric oral airway adjunct should be inserted without being rotated. It should be inserted with the assistance of a tongue depressor too. This will help prevent trauma to the soft palate. Place the tongue depressor on the tongue and gently glide the adjunct into position.

Front 7

A 12-year-old male is bleeding uncontrollably from a deep laceration on the palm of his hand. His mother tells you that he is hemophiliac. What should you do?

Back 7

Apply a tourniquet above his elbow.

Applying to tourniquet would be the most appropriate treatment. He is a hemophiliac in his blood does not have the ability to form clots. He will continue to exsanguinate (bleed to death). Evidence is emerging that shows tourniquets are less effective in the lower extremities because of two bones (Radius, Ulna) than the upper body which has one bone (Humerus).

Front 8

A male newborn is kicking his legs, breathing normally, and has a loud cry. His extremities are blue and his pulse is 140. What is his APGAR score?

Back 8

9

Appearance- 1

Pulse- 2

Grimace- 2

Activity- 2

Respiration’s- 2

Front 9

A five-year-old male appears jaundiced and complains of right upper quadrant pain. What is the most likely cause?

Back 9

Hepatitis

You should suspect hepatitis. The liver is located in the upper right quadrant and is responsible for the removal of bilirubin. Excess bilirubin in the blood creates the jaundice appearance.

Front 10

After drying off a newborn, he has a weak cry and poor muscle tone. What should you do?

Back 10

Administer blow by oxygen

You should administer blow by oxygen. He is crying, which means he is exchanging air and supplemental oxygen will help improve his APGAR.

Front 11

A four-year-old female has an acute onset of a harsh, barking cough and complains of a sore throat and fever for 1 to 2 days. What should you suspect?

Back 11

Croup

An acute onset of a barking cough is a sign of croup. A feature of croup is a seal like cough caused by swelling around the vocal cords. Laryngotracheobronchitis is the medical term for croup.

Front 12

A ventilator dependent two-year-old female is not breathing. Her caregiver is having difficulty operating the vent. What should you do?

Back 12

Ventilate with a bag valve mask

You should first assist her ventilations. She is ventilatory dependent and is unable to breathe on her own. If the machine is not working you need to provide her with ventilations to prevent her from going into cardiac arrest.

Front 13

A six month old male is pale and limp. Vital signs are P 56, R 24 with a four second capillary refill. What should you do?

Back 13

Start chest compressions

He has a heart rate below 60 bpm and he is not tolerating the heart rhythm well. You should treat this like a cardiac arrest and start chest compressions. If his heart rate was 60 to 80 assisting ventilations would be the most appropriate treatment.

Front 14

A seven-year-old female was stung by a bee. She has hives and a “lump in her throat”. Vital signs are BP 66/40, P 154, R 26 with stridor. What should you do?

Back 14

Administer epinephrine

She is in anaphylactic shock and she needs epinephrine to reverse the reaction. She feels the lump in her throat because her airway is swelling shut and the stridor is caused from swelling around the vocal cords. The hives (urticaria) also show a systemic (total body) response.

Front 15

A febrile four year-old male sitting upright drooling and crying. Vital signs are BP 100/40, P 120, R 24 with stridor. What should you do?

Back 15

Administer blow by oxygen

You should administer blow by oxygen because he is still alert (sitting upright) and ventilating well (crying). He is febrile, drooling and breathing with stridor. He has epiglottis.

Front 16

A six-year-old female complains of fatigue and decreased urine output. Her vital signs are BP 76/50, P 140, R 40. What should you suspect?

Back 16

Hypovolemic shock

You should suspect hypovolemic shock. She is showing signs and symptoms of severe dehydration which has progressed into hypovolemic shock. Blood transported by plasma. Plasma mostly consists of water and if the body is dehydrated, blood plasma will be depleted.

Front 17

Your initial attempt to ventilate an unconscious six month old male infant is unsuccessful. What should you do?

Back 17

Reposition his head and re-attempt to ventilate.

You should first reposition his head and reattempt ventilations. This is the easiest and least invasive procedure.

Front 18

An 18 month old has partial thickness burns to 40% of his body. What type of dressing should you apply?

Back 18

Dry

You should apply a dry dressing to a patient with a significant body surface area burned. The dry dressing will prevent the damaged skin from being exposed. A wet or moist dressing is contraindicated because it may cause massive heat loss.

Front 19

A seven-year-old female is in cardiac arrest. You have just administered your first shock with an AED. What should you do?

Back 19

Resume chest compressions

The AHA suggests continuing CPR after the first shock. This will help re-perfuse the heart with oxygen and glucose. The AHA also suggests limited disruptions of high-quality CPR, so after the first shock you should immediately resume chest compressions.

Front 20

A 12-year-old females face and arms twitched for 15 seconds during a seizure. She reports tingling in her fingertips and numbness near her mouth. She was alert and oriented during the incident. What type of seizure did she have?

Back 20

Focal motor seizure

Focal motor seizure is also known as a simple partial seizure. This type of seizure affects muscles and nerves but it does not change the mental status. A patient will be alert and oriented for this type of seizure.