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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What have been the trends in drug use in high school students since the 70s, 80s, 90s, 2000s?
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70s high, 80s low, 90s high, 2000s low
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What is the most used substance?
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ETOH
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Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for drug abuse?
A) low self esteem B) low SES C) Alienation from conventional norms D) Homosexuality E) Use of performance enhancing drugs. |
B.
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How long do the following drugs stay in your system?
1. Marijuana or Cannabis 2. Short acting barbituates 3. Phenobarbital |
1. Marijuana or Cannabis: 5 days for single use, 10 days for chronic use, 1 month for daily use
2. Short acting barbituates: 24 hours 3. Phenobarbital: 1 week or longer |
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The father of a 15yo boy wants his son tested for illicit drugs. The boy does not appear as a threat to himself or anyone else, and he does not want the test done. Do you do the test anyway?
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No. That would violate informed consent.
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A 12yo girl is brought in by her friend's mother from a birthday party. The child was found to be confused, drowsy, lightheaded and ataxic. What is the likely problem? What will be the outcome.
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Hydrocarbon inhalation. She will likely have a hangover.
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True or False.
Hydrocarbon inhalation is more common in lower SES, Hispanics and Native Americans |
True
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What is the most common fatal outcome of extreme hydrocarbon inhalation?
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Cardiac arrythmia
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How do you distinguish hydrocarbon intoxication from alcohol and PCP?
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Negative drug screen, and the presence of volatile hydrocarbon in their breath.
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A 16yo patient of yours works at a gas station during the evenings and at a dry cleaner during the weekends. What is he at risk for?
A) Cardiac arrythmia B) Respiratory alkalosis C) Respiratory acidosis D) Encephalopathy E) Cerebral hemorrhage |
D. The others are acute effects. This kid has chronic exposure to inhaled hydrocarbons.
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I come in with tremors and palpitations. You note tachycardia, hypertension and mydriasis. What drug did I use?
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Cocaine
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I come in combative and agitated. I don't have tremors. What drug did I use?
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ETOH
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I come in looking like a quick drunk, stripping my clothes and getting agitated. You note nystagmus, hallucinations and muscle weakness. My drug screen is negative. What drug did I use?
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Volatile hydrocarbons
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I come in non-responsive. You note pinpoint pupils, decreased respirations, hypotension, and low temperature. What drug did I use?
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Opiates
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I come in combative and then have a seizure. You note tachycardia with bursts of SVT, hypertension and myadriasis, but no nystagmus. What drug did I use? What might you find on my head CT?
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Amphetamines. You may find Cerebral hemorrhage on head CT.
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I come in combative. You note vertical and horizontal nystagmus and muscle rigidity. What drug did I use?
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PCP
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Which of the following statements regarding marijuana is false.
A) It is the most commonly abused substance among high school students. B) More than 40% of high schoolers have used it at one point C) 33% have used it in the past year D) 21% have used it in the past month E) 5% use it daily |
A. ETOH is most commonly abused substance.
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What are signs of acute marijuana use?
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Dry mouth
Dilated pupils Drowsiness Distortion of time |
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What are signs of long term marijuana use?
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Lung problems, tachycardia, gynecomastia
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Which is not a withdrawal signs of marijuana?
A) Irritability B) Insomnia C) Tremors D) Nystagmus E) Combativeness |
E.
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What percent of high school seniors have used ETOH at some point?
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80%
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A teenager is dropped off by his friends from a party. He is ataxic, has slurred speech, has visual hallucinations, vomiting and nausea. You note diaphoresis and sluggish but normal pupils, flushed skin and hypoglycemia. What did he overdose on?
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ETOH
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Which of the following is a major concern in teens who abuse ETOH?
A) Cirrhosis B) Esophagitis C) Encephalopathy D) Kidney Failure E) Dilated Cardiomyopathy |
B.
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True or False.
Adolescents who binge drink are at increased risk of adulthood alcoholism. |
False.
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True or False.
Diarrhea and Polyuria are effects of acute opioid ingestion. |
False. Constipation and urinary retention are associate with opioid ingestion.
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Severe opiate overdose may present with all of the following except:
A) Fever B) Respiratory arrest C) Hypotension D) Seizures E) Pulmonary edema |
A.
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True or False.
Propoxyphene overdose may result in cardiac arrhythmias. |
True
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A patient is undergoing his 2nd day of drug rehab. He is anxious, has insomnia, stomach cramping and has poor school performance (unable to concentrate). What is his likely diagnosis?
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Opiate withdrawal.
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A patient comes in drowsy and sedated, the pupils are slow but responsive. What is the likely drug of abuse?
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Benzo
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What are the sympathomimetic effects of PCP?
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tachycardia, hypertension and hyperreflexia
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What are the cholinergic effects of PCP?
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Miosis, flushing and diaphoresis
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What are the cerebellar effects of PCP?
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horizontal and vertical nystagmus, ataxia and lack of coordination.
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What are two contraindications that apply to PCP overdose?
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Urine acidification as it will precipitate myoglobin and Restraints as they can worsen rhabdomyolysis.
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What is appropriate treatment for PCP intoxication?
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Haldo, chlorpromazine, benzos, cooling blanket.
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True or False.
Death from cocaine is dose-dependent. |
False.
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How do you treat cocaine intoxication?
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Nitruprusside for hypertension and Haldol for psychosis
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Second hand smoke leads to all of the following except:
A) Otitis Media B) Peptic Ulcer Disease C) Asthma D) Pneumonia E) URI |
B
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What are the acute signs of solvent abuse? (these are hydrocarbons)
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Giggling, slurred speech and ataxia. They can also have asphyxia or cardiac arrhythmia.
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