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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In the male surface anatomy, what is the contour of the pectoral region formed by?
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Mainly pectoralis major m
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Where is the nipple located
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4th intercostal space along mid-clavicular line. Nipple has indefinite location after puberty
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In the female surface anatomy, what is the contour of the pectoral region formed by?
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mainly breast
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What are the mm of facial expression innervated by?
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Facial Nerve (CVII)
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What muscle of facial expression is located within the superficial fascia?
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Platysma
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What cutaneous nerves are located in the superficial fascia of the pectoral region?
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- Supraclavicular nn (C3-C4)
- Intercostal nn (T1-T7) |
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Where do the supraclavicular nn originate? What do they innervate?
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Cervical plexus, innervate skin of 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces
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What do the intercostal nn innervate?
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Skin associated with respective intercostal spaces
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Where is the female breast located?
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Vertically from ribs 2-6, from sternum to mid-axillary line, completely contained within superficial fascia
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What does the nipple contain?
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15-20 lactiferous ducts; each lactiferous duct drains milk from one mammary gland.
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Supraclavicular nn (C3 - C4) from cervical plexus - innervates
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skin of 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces.
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Intercostal nn (T1 - T7) – supplies
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skin associated with respective intercostals spaces.
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Composition of breast
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1. Mammary glands (15-20)
2. Fatty connective tissue. 3. Condensations of fascia form suspensory ligaments and septa which separate the lobules from one another. |
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What arteries supply the pectoral region?
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Lateral thoracic, intercostal, internal thoracic (perforating branches in intercostal spaces 3-6, inside of ribcage aka internal mammary aa)
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What veins drain the pectoral region?
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Internal Thoracic and axillary v.
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Most lymph vessels converge on
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The subareolar lymph plexus beneath the skin of the areola.
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75% of lymph goes to
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the pectoral nodes, which drain to the axillary nodes. Problem when cancer is metastasized.
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25% of lymph goes to
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infraclavicular, parasternal, contralateral, and abdominal nodes (right breast cancer can spread to the liver).
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What is clinicaly important about the parasternal nodes?
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They are connected to the contralateral nodes by lymphatic vesels, allowing for the spread of cancer potentially beyond original sight in breast.
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What innervates the pectoralis major, upper and lower portions?
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- Lateral pectoral n (C5-C7) supplies most of the upper portion
- Medial pectoral n (C8-T1) supplies lower portion after passing through or around pectoralis minor m |
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What are the actions of the pectoralis major?
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ADDuct and medially rotate the humerus
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Where is the pectoralis minor located?
What is it innervated by? |
Deep to the pectoralis major. Medial pectoral N
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Actions of pec minor?
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Depressor and downward rotator of the scapula
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Clavicular part of the pectoralis major originates where? Sternal part? Costal part?
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medial ½ of clavicle, manubrium and body of sternum, costal cartilages 1-6.
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Insertion of the pectoralis major is where?
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tendon of insertion has two laminae (parts).
1) Anterior lamina from clavicular and upper sternocostal parts 2)posterior lamina from lower sternocostal part. |
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Fibers of lowest origin of the pectoralis major insert highest on humerus, causing?
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Muscle fibers of posterior lamina pass laterally twist to attain a more superior position relative to fibers of anterior lamina. Bilaminar tendon crosses the intertubercular groove of the humerus to insert on the crest of the greater tubercle.
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