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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Appendicular skeleton
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bones of the upper and lower limbs and the supporting elements that connect them
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Pectoral girdle
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where each arm articulates with the trunk. Consists of the clavicle and scapula.
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Clavicle
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Articulates medially with the manubrium, laterally with acromion process. A fibrous, syndesmosis joint.
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Sternoclavicular joint
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between the sternam and the clavicle; a gliding joint between the upper limb and axial skeleton that limits shoulder movement
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Scapula
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2 borders: vertebral/medial, axillary armpit
2 angles: superior/inferior 2 processes: acromion, coracoid 1 spine 4 fossae: subscapular, infraspinous, supraspinous (for muscles), glenoid for articulation w/ humerus. |
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Motions of the scapula
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elevation, depression, protracction, retraction, rotation.
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coracoid process
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anterior projection of scapula over the glenoid fossa; attachment site for biceps brachii
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annular ligament
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at the elbow; binds the proximal radial head to the ulna. prevents forward displacement of the radial head.
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acromion process
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larger, posterior process on the scapula; attachment of trapezius muscle. articulates w/ clavicle at acromioclavicular joint.
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supra/infraglenoid tubercles
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above and below the glenoid fossa; supra is part origin of biceps brachii, infra is part origin of triceps brachii.
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Humerus head
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smooth, round superior medial portion of the proximal epiphysis, articulates with scapula at glenoid cavity.
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greater tubercle of humerus
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lateral superior portion of epiphysis; the most lateral palpatable portion of shoulder. attachment site of 3 muscles from scapula: supra/infraspinatus, and teres minor.
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lesser tubercle of the humerus
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anterior/medial surface of epiphysis. insertion point of subscapularis
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intertubercular/bicipital groove
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seperates the greater/lesser tubercles of the humerus; biceps brachii tendon runs runs along it.
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anatomical neck of humerus
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constriction inferior to the head of humerus; not what we wrap our hand around, but marks the limit of the articular capsule at glenoid joint.
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surgical neck
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metaphysis of the bone, reflects the fact that fractures commonly occur here.
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deltoid tuberosity
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runs along the lateral border of the humerus shaft, more than 1/2way down it. deltoid muscle attaches here.
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condyle of humerus
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dominates the distal inferior surface of humerus; divided into trochlea and capitulum
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trochlea
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medial portion of humeral condyle; articulates with the ulna on the medial forearm.
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coronoid fossa
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on anterior surface of humerus, right above the condyle; accepts projection from ulnar surface as elbow flexes.
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olecranon fossa
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above the trochlea on posterior surface of the humeral condyle; accepts projection of ulna in full extension.
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capitulum and radial fossa
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on lateral side of the humeral condyle; articulates with radius head. radial fossa directly above capitulum accepts radial head in flexion.
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radial groove
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runs along posterior margin of deltoid tuberosity, for path of radial nerve.
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medial/lateral epicondyles
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on sides of elbow joint
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bones of the forearm
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radius and ulna
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olecranon
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point of elbow; top part of the ulna. has a trochlear notch on its anterior surface
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trochlear notch
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interlocks with the trochlea of the humerus, hugs it as the elbow is flexed/extended
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coronoid process
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the anterior and inferior lip of the trochlear notch, where the olecranon is the trochlear notch's posterior/superior lip. like a baby bird waiting for a worm.
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ulnar tuberosity
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directly below the coronoid process
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ulnar head
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at the distal end of the ulna, posterior margin supports the styloid process.
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styloid process
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attachment of ulna and carpal bones at the distal end of the ulna
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radius
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forearm, lateral bone
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radial head
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articulates with capitulum of humerus
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radial tuberosity
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site of attachment for biceps brachii; extends from the neck below the head
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radial styloid process
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just like the ulnar
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Wrist bones Some lovers try positions that they can't handle
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Scaphoid, lunate, triangular, pisisform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.
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Bones of the hand
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8 Carpals, 5 Metacarpals, 14 phalanges.
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radial deviation
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abduction
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ulnar deviation
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adduction of the wrist
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metacarpalphalangeal joints
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condyloid joints like in the toes. reference point is the 3rd finger, it can't adduct and only abducts.
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gliding joints of the upper extremity
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sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, carpometacrapals 2-5 and intercarpals.
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ball and socket joints of the upper extremity
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glenohumeral (shoulder)
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hinge joints of upper extremity
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humero-ulnar/radial (elbow), interphalangeal
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glenoid labrum
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a fibrocartilaginous deepening of the glenoid shoulder joint, covers the margin of the glenoid cavity.
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coracohumeral ligament
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originates at base of coracoid process, inserts on humeral head.
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coracoacromial ligament
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spans between coracoid process and acromion, just above the glenoid capsule. supports superior surface of capsule
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radial/ulnar collateral ligaments
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elbow ligaments that stabilize the elbow joint.
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acromioclavicular ligament
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binds acromion to clavicle, restricting clavicular movement at acromion end. dislocation of this joint results in shoulder seperation.
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coracoclavicular ligaments (2)
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tie clavicle to coracoid process, limit relative motion between clavicle and scapula, keeps clavicle from being superior to scapula. medial is conoid, lateral is trapezoid (from posterior view)
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