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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the usual INITIAL anatomic location of DVT? Why?
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the LEFT iliac venous system - bc of the potential for compression by the aortic bifurcation
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How much more common does DVT originate on the Left iliac venous side than Right?
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4X more
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What are 6 states of hypercoagulability that predispose to DVT/PE?
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-Prior DVT
-Cancer -Pregnancy -OCPs/smoking -Sepsis -Congenital hypercoagulability |
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What are the noninvasive vs invasive methods of testing for DVT?
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Non: duplex ultrasound
Invasive: Venography |
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Why is it called duplex ultrasound?
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-Doppler mode
-B-mode |
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why is venography invasive?
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Radioopaque dye is injected into the veins
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What is Phlegmasia alba vs cerulea dolens?
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Alba dolens - thrombosis only involves MAJOR deep vein channels; spares collaterals
Cerulea dolens - thrombosis extends to both deep and collateral channels |
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What is the effect of thrombosis in both deep and collateral veins channels?
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Significant fluid sequestration and edema
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What does phlegmasia cerulea dolens lead to if untreated?
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Gangrene
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What are the 4 most common symptoms of PE?
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-Dyspnea
-Pleuritic chest pain -Cough -Hemoptysis |
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What are the 4 most common physical signs of PE?
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-Tachypnea
-rales -S4 -Tachycardia |
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What is Westermark sign?
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Dilated pulmonary vessels with sharp cutoff, seen on CXR in PE
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What test is diagnostic and gold standard for PE?
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VQ scan
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What is surgical treatment for PE?
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Greenfield filter insertion in the IVC
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What are Venous Ulcers caused by?
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Venous valve incompetency - allows blood to flow back and pool
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What do venous ulcers look like?
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-Dilated veins
-Edema -Dry flakey skin |
