Pe

Front 1

Balanced diet

Back 1

A diet which contains an optimal ratio of nutrients

Front 2

Macronutrients

Back 2

A type of food required in large amounts in our diet ( carbohydrates, protein, fat)

Front 3

Micronutrients

Back 3

A type of food required in small amounts in our diet (minerals, vitamins)

Front 4

Energy balance

Back 4

An equal amount of energy taken is (as calories in food) and energy put out (during exercise)

Front 5

Blood shunting

Back 5

Blood is distributed where needed, during exercise it goes to the muscles, after eating if goes to the digestive system

Front 6

Vascodilation

Back 6

Dilation of blood vessels which decreases blood pressure

Front 7

Vasoconstruction

Back 7

Constriction of blood vessels which decreases the blood flow to the working muscles

Front 8

Carbo loading

Back 8

Boost the amount of glycogen in muscles before a competition then shortly before eating lots of carbohydrates

Front 9

Endomorph

Back 9

A somatotype, individuals with wide hips and narrow shoulders characterise with by fatness

Front 10

Mesomorph

Back 10

A somatotype individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips characterized by muscularity

Front 11

Ectomorph

Back 11

A somatotype, individuals with narrow shoulders and narrow hips characterized by thinness

Front 12

Optimum weight

Back 12

The best or most desirable weight a player performs at

Front 13

Anorexia

Back 13

A prolonged eating disorder due to loss of appetite

Front 14

Obese

Back 14

A term used to describe people who are very overfat

Front 15

Underweight

Back 15

Wayne less than normal healthy, normal or required

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Overfat

Back 16

Having body fat and excess of normal

Front 17

Overweight

Back 17

Having weight in excess of normal

Front 18

Anabolic steroids

Back 18

Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth

Front 19

Beta blockers

Back 19

Drugs that are used to control the heart rate and have a calming and relaxing effect

Front 20

Diuretics

Back 20

Drugs that elevate the rate of the body urine excretion

Front 21

Stimulants

Back 21

Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system such as increased mental and or physical alertness

Front 22

Narcotic analgesics

Back 22

Drugs that can be used to reduce the feeling of pain

Front 23

Peptide hormones

Back 23

Drugs that cause the production of other hormones

Front 24

Cardiovascular fitness

Back 24

Ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time without tiring

Front 25

Muscular endurance

Back 25

The ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired

Front 26

Muscular strength

Back 26

The amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance

Front 27

Flexibility

Back 27

The range of movement possible at a joint

Front 28

Individual differences and needs

Back 28

Matching training to the requirements of an individual

Front 29

Specificity

Back 29

Matching training to the requirements of an activity

Front 30

Progressive overload

Back 30

To gradually increase the amount of overload so that fitness gains occur but without potential for injury

Front 31

FITT

Back 31

Frequency, intensity, time, type. Used to increase the amount of work the body does in order to achieve overload

Front 32

Rest

Back 32

The period of time allotted to recovery

Front 33

Recovery

Back 33

The time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition

Front 34

Reversibility

Back 34

Any adaptation that takes place as a consequence of training will be reversed when you stop training

Front 35

Agility

Back 35

The ability to change the position of the body quickly and control the movement of the whole body

Front 36

Balance

Back 36

The ability to retain the body centre of mass above the base of support

Front 37

Coordination

Back 37

The bility to use two or more body parts together

Front 38

Reaction time

Back 38

The time between the presentation of stimulus and the onset of movement

Front 39

Speed

Back 39

The differential rate at which an individual is able to perform of movement or cover a distance in a period of time

Front 40

Power

Back 40

The ability to do strength performance quickly (power = strength x speed)

Front 41

Healthy, active lifestyle

Back 41

A lifestyle that contributes positively to physical mental and social well-being and which includes regular exercise and physical activity

Front 42

Health

Back 42

A state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Front 43

Exercise

Back 43

A form of physical activity done to maintain or improve health and or physical fitness, is not a competitive sport

Front 44

Fitness

Back 44

The ability to meet the demands of the environment

Front 45

Performance

Back 45

How well a task is completed

Front 46

Cardiovascular

Back 46

A body system that contains the heart, the blood and the blood vessels

Front 47

Heart rate

Back 47

The number of times the heart beats per minute

Front 48

Blood pressure

Back 48

The force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the blood vessels

Front 49

Systolic blood pressure

Back 49

The pressure on your arteries during the contraction your heat

Front 50

Diastolic blood pressure

Back 50

The pressure on the arteries in between beats when the heart is resting

Front 51

Stroke volume

Back 51

The volume of blood pumped out of the heart during one contraction

Front 52

Cardiac output

Back 52

The amount on blood ejected from the heart in one minute

Front 53

Arteries

Back 53

A type of blood vessel in the circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to supply the body

Front 54

Veins

Back 54

A type of blood vessel in the circulatory system that carries de oxygenated towards the heart

Front 55

Tidal volume

Back 55

The amount of air inspired and expired in a normal breath

Front 56

Vital capacity

Back 56

The maximum amount of air you can breath out after the maximum breathed in

Front 57

Oxygen debt

Back 57

The extra oxygen consumed during recovery after strenuous activity compared to the amount usually consumed at rest

Front 58

Alveoli

Back 58

Tiny air sacks in the lungs that allow gaseous exchange in and out of the capillaries

Front 59

Capillaries

Back 59

Fine branching blood vessels that form a network between arteries and veins

Front 60

Aerobic

Back 60

Working with oxygen

Front 61

Anaerobic

Back 61

Working without oxygen

Front 62

Gaseous exchange

Back 62

In the alveoli oxygen diffuses into the blood via the capillaries so it can be transported around the body to the working muscles. At the same time blood low in oxygen and high is waste products (eg CO2) diffuses back into the alveoli and breathed out

Front 63

Flexion

Back 63

Bending at a joint, angle gets smaller

Front 64

Extension

Back 64

Straightening at a joint, angle gets bigger

Front 65

Abduction

Back 65

Movement taking away from the body

Front 66

Adduction

Back 66

Movement bringing back to the body

Front 67

Rotation

Back 67

Movement around the body

Front 68

Isotonic contraction

Back 68

Muscle contraction that results in limb movement

Front 69

Isometric contraction

Back 69

Muscle contraction which results in increased pressure but length change/ movement doesn't occur

Front 70

Muscle hypertrophy

Back 70

Increase in muscle mass

Front 71

Joint

Back 71

A place where two or more bones meet

Front 72

Cartilage

Back 72

Cushions the joint

Front 73

Ligament

Back 73

Attach bone to bone

Front 74

Tendon

Back 74

Attach muscle to bone