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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are necessary conditions for a dissecting aneurysm?
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systemic HTN
arterial medial wall degeneration |
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Most common aneurysm?
What is it dangerous? |
AAA
> 7 cm, 80% rupture >10 cm, 95% rupture <5, no surgery required |
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What is the best indicator of an AAA on physical exam?
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A pulsatile mass, midline, below the umbilicus. May also be above umbilicus, but not as good a predictor.
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What are the manifestations of sudden arterial occlusion?
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Pain
Peripheral Pulse loss Pallor Paresthesias Paralysis (eventually) Microemboli may also occur |
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Where are arterial ulcers found?
Venous? Neuropathic? |
A: below level of maleolus
V: above level maleolus (usually) N: Bottom of foot |
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Symptoms of Chronic arterial occlusion.
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Most common: intermittent claudication (calf)
Rest pain (severe) Bilateral absence of DP pulses Impotence Most specific: arterial ulcers Affected limb bruit |
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Differences between arterial, venous, and neuropathic ulcers.
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Arterial ulcers are painful.
Venous dz ulcers are painful, anywhere below knee but not bottom of foot, assoc. with edema, varicose veins and cutaneous pigmentation. Neuropathic are assoc with loss of feeling, occur on bottom of feet at pressure points. |
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Ankle-brachial index
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BPsys of arm/BPsys of leg (DPPT)
Measured with doppler ratio should be >1. if <.97, peripheral arterial dz probably present. |
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Cerebral emboli originating from the heart commonly arise from what conditions?
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Atrial fibrillation
Mitral prolapse Mural thrombi (after MI) Infective endocarditis |
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Carotid artery occlusive disease manifested how?
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Bruit (indicates severe, but not all severe have a bruit)
Don't confuse murmur of aortic stenosis with carotid bruit. TIA |
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Manifestations of TIA
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Contralateral Homonymous hemianopia
Weakness contralateral arm,face,leg Sensory impairment Transient monocular blindness |
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A TIA with the following symptoms indicates what:
Dizzyness Diplopia Dysarthria Numbness ipsilateral face Numbness contralateral limbs |
The vertebral artery is involved
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What are the risk factors for dissecting thoracic aorta aneurysms?
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HTN
cystic medial necrosis Marfans and Ehlers Danlos syndrome Bicuspid aortic valve and aortic stenosis 3rd trimester pregnancy |
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Where do most emboli come from?
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Mural thrombi in the heart
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