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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acne, impetigo lesions
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Pustules, impetigo lesions turn into ulcers
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Herpes simplex lesions
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Vesicle then Ulcer
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hive, mosquito bite lesions
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Wheal
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Marble-like lesion larger than 0.5 cm
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Nodules
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Elevated superficial lesion 1.0 cm or larger often formed by coalescence of papules
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Plaque
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freckle, petechia lesions
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Macules
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Ex: moist area after the rupture of a vesicle, as in chickenpox; loss of superficial epidermis; not bleeding
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Erosion
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Stage I decub
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Pressure-related alteration of intact skin
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Stage II decub
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Partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis, dermis or both
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Stage III decub
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Full-thickness skin loss with damage to subcu tissue; does not extend through muscle
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Stage IV decub
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Full-thickness skin loss with destruction to muscle and bone
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A malignant tumor seen in AIDS patients
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Kaposi's Sarcoma
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Sty
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pustule in the eye
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Paronychia
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Pustule around the nail bed
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Seborrhea
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dandruff
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Vetiligo
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Hypopigmentation (Michael Jackson)
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Actinic Keratosis
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Benign papular lesions on sun-exposed skin; may be precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
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Basal cell carcinoma
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malignant
seldom metastasizes common over age 40 usually appears on face |
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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common after age 60
may develop from actinic keratosis grows more quickly than BCC |
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Seborrheic Keratosis
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Benign,yellowish to brown raised lesions that feel greasy and velvety
Multiple and symmetrically distributed on trunk, face and other parts |
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Blister and 2nd degree burn lesions
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Bullae
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Target lesions on palms may suggest?
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Syphllis
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Vesicles in a unilateral dermatomal pattern
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Herpes Zoster
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These are small (the size of split peas), tender, transient nodules in the pads of fingers and toes and the palms and soles. They are a highly diagnostic sign of bacterial infection of the heart (endocarditis)
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Osler's nodes
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A small erythematous or hemorrhagic lesion seen in some cases of bacterial endocarditis, usually on the palm or the sole.
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Jane Way lesion
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Technique for examining the skin
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Inspection and Palpation
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Modes of examination
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IPPA
Inspect Palpate Percuss Auscultate |
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What is a scrofula
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A cervical lymph adenitis related to TB
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A SOAP note stands for?
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Subjective
Objective Assessment Plan |
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The 5 broad disease states that cause fever
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imflammation
autoimmune malignancy infections drug reactions |
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Cranial Nerve 1
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Olfactory
Sensory: smell |
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CN 2
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Optic
Sensory: Vision |
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CN3
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Occulomotor
Motor: Sup, Inf, med, lateral rectus, & trochlear muscle |
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CN4
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Trochlear
Motor: Downward, inward movement of the eye |
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CN5
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Trigeminal
Sensory: 3 branches: Mandibular, Maxillary, and Opthalmic Motor: temporal and masseter muscles(mastication) |
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CN 6
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Abducens
Motor: lateral deviation of the eye |
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CN 7
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Facial
Motor: facial movements, expressions, closing of the eye and mouth Sensory: taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue |
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CN 8
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Acoustic
Sensory: hearing and balance |
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CN 9
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Glossopharyngeal
Motor: pharynx Sensory: posterior eardrum and ear canal, pharynx and taste of posterior tongue |
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CN 10
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Vagus
Motor: palate, pharynx, larynx Sensory: pharynx, larynx |
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CN 11
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Spinal accessory
Motor: sternomastoid and upper trapezius |
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CN 12
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Hypoglossal
Motor: Tongue |
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Kuble-Ross's 5 stages in response to loss
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Denial and isolation
Anger Bargaining Depression or sadness Acceptance |
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The Tavistock principles
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Rights
Balance Comprehensiveness Cooperation improvement safety openness |
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What is the CAGE questionaire
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To eval alcoholism
C-cutdown A-annoyed by criticism G-felt guilty E-eye opener |
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The components of a comp health history
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1.Identifying data
2.Source & Reliability 3.CC 4.HPI 5.PMH: Chilhood/adult: med,surg,ob/gyn,psych,health maintenance 6.Fam History 7.Personal & Social Hist 8.ROS |
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The 5 segments of the nervous system examination
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1.mental status
2.cranial nerves(includes fundoscopic exam) 3.motor system 4.sensory system 5.reflexes |
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Which CN assesses the strength of the temporal and masseter muscles?
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CN V trigeminal
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Damage to this nerve will cause dysphagia, dysphonia and a lost gag reflex
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CN X Vagus
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nerve that supplies the tongue, throat, and one of the salivary glands (the parotid gland). Problems with this nerve result in trouble with taste and swallowing.
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CN IX Glossopharyngeal
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Paralysis of this nerve is called Bell's palsy.
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CN VII Facial
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This nerve operates the lateral rectus muscle that draws the eye toward the side of the head
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CN VI Abducens
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Paralysis of this nerve causes inward turning of the eye (internal strabismus) leading to double vision
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CN VI Abducens
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is the nerve supply to the superior oblique muscle of the eye
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CN IV Trochlear
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Paralysis of this nerve results in drooping eyelid (ptosis), deviation of the eyeball outward (and therefore double vision) and a dilated (wide-open) pupil.
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CN III Occulomotor
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is responsible for the nerve supply to muscles about the eye:
The upper eyelid muscle which raises the eyelid; The extraocular muscle which moves the eye inward; and The pupillary muscle which constricts the pupil. |
CN III Occulomotor
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It functions as the chief nerve of sensation for the face
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CN V Trigeminal it has the 3 sensory branches
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Problems with the motor root of this nerve result in deviation of the jaw toward the affected side and trouble chewing.
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CN V Trigeminal
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The physical exam sequence
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General Survey
Vital signs Skin Head and neck; include thyroid and lymph nodes Thorax and lungs Breast Musculoskeletal Cardio: JVP,carotid upstrokes and bruits, PMI Cardio: S3 and murmur of mitral stenosis Cardio: murmur for aortic insufficiency Breasts and axillae Abdomen Peripheral vascular Nervous system: sensation, reflexes, Babinskis |
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A cuff that is too short or narrow may give a falsely (high/low) reading?
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High
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Normal range of BP
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<130, <85
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Mild HTN range
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140-159, 90-99
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moderate HTN range
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160-179, 100-109
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A fall in systolic pressure of 20 mmHG or more when going from a horizontal to vertical position suggest?
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orthostatic hypotension
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Causes of orthostatic hypotension
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drugs
loss of blood prolonged bedrest diseases of the ANS |
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HTN also affects this organs
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eyes- retinopathy
heart-L vent hypertrophy brain-neuro deficits(CVA) kidneys |
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A femoral pulse smaller and later than the radial pulse suggest?
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Coarctation of the aorta or occlusive aortic disease
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appendages of the skin
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Hair, nails, sebaceous and sweat glands
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This glands produce sweat and help control body temp
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eccrine glands
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The 4 skin pigments that give it its color
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melanin
carotene oxyhemoglobin deoxyhemoglobin pg96 |
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ABCDEs for melanoma
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Asymmetry
Borders (irregular) Color variation or change Diameter >6mm Elevation |
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Is cyanosis in CHF usually central or peripheral?
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peripheral
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causes of central cyanosis
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advanced lung disease
congenital heart disease abnormal hemoglobins |
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What is alopecia?
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hair loss
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