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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What does the epidermis depend on for nutrition?
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The dermis
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What are some of the contents of the dermis?
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Connective tissue,sebaceous glands,sweat glands,and hair folicles.
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Functions of skin include:
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Major functionkeep body in homeostatis,provides boundaries for body fluids,protection, vit.D synthesis
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The color of normal skin depends on these four pigments:
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Melanin,carotene,oxyhemoglobin, deoxehemoglobin.
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Oxyhemolobin
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bright red pigment dominates in arteries and capillaries
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Deoxyhemoglobin
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deoxygenated darker, bluer pigment in cutaneous tissues gives skin bluish cast cyanosis
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Carotene
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yellow pigment in subcutaneous fat and heavly keratinzed plams & soles
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Melanin
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brownish pigment, genetically determined and increased by sunlight
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Two types of hair and describe
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Vellus:short fine,unpigmented
Terminal: coarser thicker more conspicuous ex.scalp, eyebrows |
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Lunula
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whitish moon on end of nail plate
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What is the normal angle between the proximal nail fold and the nail plate?
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Less than 180 degrees
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Eccrine sweat glands
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open directly to skin surface help control temp, widely distributed
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apocrine sweat glands
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mainly in axillary and genital regions, usually open to hair follicles, stimulated by stress
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Causes of generalized itching
w/o obvious reasons: |
dry skin, aging,lice pregnancy,uremia,jaundice,
leukemia,drug reaction |
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Arising in lowest or basal level of epidermis 80% of skin Ca, shinny, translucent,slow growing,rarely metastasize
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Basal cell carcinoma
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upper dermal layer Ca,16% this type,crusted,scaly,red
inflammed or ulcerated can metastasize |
Squamous cell carcinoma
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arising from melanocytes,4% of skin Ca this type,most lethal
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Melanoma
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What is lifetime risk for invasive melanoma and non invasive melanoma?
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invasive: 1 in 65
non-invasive 1 in 37 |
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True/ False
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Mortality rate for melanoma are highest among white males
3.6% |
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ABCDE for melanomas
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Asymmetry
Borders(irregular) Color(change) Diameter > 6mm or different from others Elevation or enlargement |
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Which is the most harmful UV to skin?
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UV-B most common cause of skin cancer(UV-C is most carcinogenic but is blocked by ozone.)
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What are the effects of UV-A rays?
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photoaging
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Yellow coloring that accopmanies high levels of carotene (palms and soles)
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Cartenemia
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Hair loss diffuse, patchy, or total
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Alopecia
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Most common location for decubitus ulcers
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Sacrum,ischial tuberosites,greater trochanters, and heels
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Pressure related ,intact skin, temp changes,consistancy(firm,boggy), color (red,blue)
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Stage I decubitus (pressure)ulcer
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Partial thickness ski loss or ulceration involving epidermis,dermis or both
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Stage II decubitus (pressure)ulcer
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Full thickness skin loss,damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue,may extend to but not through muscle
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Stage III decubitus (pressure) ulcer
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Full thickness, skin loss,destruction, tissue necrosis,or damage to muscle bone or supporting structures
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Stage IV decubitus ulcer
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