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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Point of Maximal impulse
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- at the apex of the heart
- usually found in the 5th intercostal space just lateral to midclavicular line |
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S1
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-
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Bronchophony
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- louder, clearer voice sounds
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Egophony
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- E to A change
- present in lobar consolidation=pneumonia |
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Whispered Pectoriloquy
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- louder, clearer whispered sounds
- should not be heard this way |
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S1
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- closure of the mitral and tricuspid valve
- begining of systole |
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S2
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- Aortic and pulmonary valves close
- then another diastole begins |
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S3
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- rapid deceleration of the column of blood against the ventricular wall.
- occurs after S2 |
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S4
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- marks atrial contraction
- not normally heard - just before S1 |
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Bruit
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- sound heard when stethoscope placed over artery
- ex. over carotid - heard when there are atery problems |
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Palpitations
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- unpleasant awarenss of the heartbeat
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Atrial fibrillation
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- "irregularly irregular"
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Orthopnea
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- dyspnea that occurs when pt lying down and improves when they sit up
- left ventricular heart failure, mitral stenosis |
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Thrills
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- humming vibrations
- different from bruit which are murmur like sound of a vascular origin |
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Stethoscope
-diaphragm |
- high pitched sounds
- S1 and S2 |
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Stethoscope
- bell |
- low pitched sounds
- S3 and S4 - press it very lightly on skin |
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Intermittent claudication
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- exercise induced pain that is absent at rest, makes a pt stop exertion and remits wihtin about 10 min.
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Raynaud's Disease
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- digital ishemci changes of blanching, followed by cyanosis then rubor with cold exposure and rewarming
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Atherosclerosis
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- most commonly obstructs arterial circulation in the thigh
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Varicose Veins
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- dilated and tortuous
- walls may feel somewhat thickened |
