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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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embolus |
foreign body such as a clot, fat globule, or air bubble that is transported through the circulatory system until it lodges somewhere |
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homeostasis |
process of stopping blood flow by means of the body's clotting system or by physical or chemical means |
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cardiac output |
amount of blood expelled by ventricles over a certain period of time |
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palpitations |
sensation of pounding or rapidly beating heart |
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perfusion |
infiltration of fluid throughout the body's tissues |
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thrombolytic therapy |
medication used to dissolve a clot |
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thrombus |
stationary clot formed in a blood vessel |
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average adult has how much blood circulating within the body? |
4-5 liters |
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plasma |
watery component of blood |
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erythrocytes |
another name for red blood cells |
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red blood cells live about ___ days |
120 |
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leukocytes |
also called white blood cells |
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white blood cells... |
kill and digest bacteria |
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purpose of platelets is to... |
mend tears in vessel linings |
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patent means... |
open |
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types of blood vessels in the vascular system |
- arteries - capillaries - veins |
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arteries carry ___ to the rest of the body |
oxygen |
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parts of the vascular system... |
- pulmonary system - coronary system - systemic system |
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the largest and strongest vessel in the body is... |
the aorta |
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the heart generally beats about ___ times per minute |
72 |
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layers of heart tissue include... |
- epicardium - myocardium - endocardium |
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upper chambers of the heart are called... |
atria |
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lower chambers of the heart are called... |
ventricles |
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coronary arteries... |
supply heart with oxygen and other nutrients |
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located in the arm... |
- axillary - brachial - radial |
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veins in the leg... |
- anterior tibial - greater saphenous - popliteal |
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cardiac disease in the U.S. is... |
responsible for more deaths than all other diseases combined |
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cardiovascular disease is classified into 3 major types: |
congenital & acquired |
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atherosclerosis |
plaque buildup and lesions within the lining of coronary arteries is called |
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groups showing high incidence for coronary artery disease include... |
- men - wealthy persons - elderly |
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non-modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis include... |
- age - sex - race |
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modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis include... |
- hypertension - cigarette smoking - elevated cholesterol levels
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cigarette smoking is one of the ____ risk factors in coronary artery disease. |
major |
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angina pectoris means.... |
chest pain |
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a heart patient complaining of chest pain may experience... |
radiating pain to the left shoulder and arm |
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myocardial infarction is a ... |
heart attack |
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an MI is caused by... |
sudden blockage of one of the coronary arteries |
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a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction might describe the pain as... |
- crushing - burning - sharp |
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in heart cases, the PCT should be alert for: |
- decreased urinary output - edema in the extremities - crackles in the breath sounds |
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congestive heart failure |
heart is unable to act effectively as a pump for supplying the body with blood |
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types of valvular heart disease: |
- mitral stenosis - aortic stenosis - mitral valve prolapse |
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aneurysm |
enlargement or bulging of an artery somewhere along its length |
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peripheral vascular disease |
diseases the impede the blood flow through the upper and lower extremities |
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person at risk for peripheral vascular disease include... |
- persons with hypertension - persons with diabetes mellitus - persons who lead sedentary lives |
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pulse oximeter measures... |
the amount of oxygen in the blood |
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Doppler ultrasonography |
measures the flow of blood through arterial and venous blood vessels |
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causes of blood disorders include... |
- hemorrhage - drug toxicity - dietary deficiency |
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anemia means... |
fewer than normal count of red blood cells |
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cardiovascular system takes nutrients to the cells and ... |
carries away waste products |
