Pcol Test 2 Part 1

Front 1

Furosemide is effective in congestive heart failures by
a. decreasing total body water volume
b. decreasing total peripheral resistance
c. improving cardiac performance
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

Back 1

Hydralazine is effective in congestive heart failures by
a. decreasing total body water volume
b. decreasing total peripheral resistance
c. improving cardiac performance
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

Front 2

Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system are effective in congestive heart failure by
a. their vasodilation
b. prevention of sodium/water retention
c. decreasing cardiac workload
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

Back 2

________ is effective in CHF by slowing cardiac remodeling
a. hydrochlorothiazide
b. hydralazine
c. spironolactone
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

Front 3

as a class, _____ will specifically reduce pre-load thus decreasing cardiac workload in CHF
a. beta adrenergic blockers
b. arteriodilators
c. venodilators
d. A &B
e. A &C

Back 3

candesartan will slow cardiac remodeling by
a. inhibiting AT-II medicated vasoconstriction
b. increases in circulating bradykinin
c. preventing the synthesis/release of aldosterone
d. A&C
e. B&C

Front 4

Propranolol will slow cardiac remodeling by
a. blocking aldosterone at its cardiac receptors
b. reducing sympathetic tone to the heart
c. its negative chronotropic/inotropic effects
d. A & B
e. B &C

Back 4

Pharmacodynamically, _____ would be effective in CHF through blunting or minimizing the reflex actions caused by a failing heart
a. hydrochlorothiazide
b. catopril
c. propranolol
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

Front 5

In general, all of the drugs used during stage II/III heart failure are effective by
a. positive inotropic effects
b. reducing the cardiac workload
c. promoting a diuretic effect
d. A &B
e. B&C

Back 5

_____ are only used in stage II/III heart failure and should not be used in decompensated failure
a. ACE inhibitors
b. loop diuretics
c. beta adrenergic antagonists
d. phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitors
e. nitrates/nitrites

Front 6

Mechanistically, digoxin exerts its effect by
a. inhabiting the Na/Ca exchanger
b. directly stimulating myocardial contraction
c. inhibiting the Na/K ATPase pump
d. blocking K channels
e. stimulating Ca-calmodulin

Back 6

Pharmacodynamically, at the cellular level, digoxin will cause
a. increases in intracellular sodium
b. increases in intracellular potassium
c. increases in intracellular calcium
d. A&B
e. A&C

Front 7

Pharmacodynamically at the organ level, the beneficial effects of diagoxin are due to
a. positive chronotrophy
b. negative chronotrophy
c. positive inotropy
d. A & C
e. B & C

Back 7

Therapeutically, digoxin is beneficial in CHF patients by
a. increasing tissues perfusion
b. casing pressure diuresis
c. increased stroke volume and cardiac output
d. A &C
e. B&C

Front 8

Concerning the dose-response relationship of digoxin
a. subtherapeutic doses will slow cardiac remodelling
b. bradycardia will occur at therapeutic doses
c. toxic doses will increase sympathetic tone to the heart
d. A & B
e. all of the above

Back 8

Relative to digoxin, digitoxin
a. is less bioavailable
b. has a shorter half-life
c. is less bound to plasma protein
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

Front 9

concerning digoxin toxicity
a. hyperkalemia will increase its risk
b. chromotopsia often precedes life-threatening arrhythmias
c.bigeminy & trigeminity appear early in toxicity
d. A&B
e. none of the above

Back 9

Lidocaine or phenytoin are the preffered treatmetns of digoxin toxicity if
a. the patient is hypokalaemic
b. blood levels digoxin are very high
c. blood work is within all normal limits
d. A&B
e. none of the above

Front 10

______ exerts its positive inotropic effect by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 3
a. milrinone
b. dobutamine
c. nesiritide
d. A & B
e. B& C

Back 10

______ exerts its positive inotropic effect agonist action at beta-1 adrenergic receptors
a. milrinone
b. dobutamine
c. nesiritide
d. A & B
e. B &C

Front 11

______ exerts its positive inotropic effect by agonist action a B natriuretic peptide receptors
a. milrinone
b. dobutamine
c. nesiritide
d. A & B
e. B& C

Back 11

Pharmacodynamically, ________exerts its positive inotropic effect by increasing cAMP
a. milrinone
b. dobutamine
c. nesiritide
d. A & B
e. B&C

Front 12

Pharmacodynamically, ________exerts its positive inotropic effect by increasing cGMP
a. milrinone
b. dobutamine
c. nesiritide
d. A & B
e. B&C

Back 12

Dobutamine is preferred over dopamine due to its
a. ability to maintain/increase renal perfusion
b. less arrhythmogenicity
c. greater potency and shorter duration of action
d. A & B
e. B &C

Front 13

Considering drugs used in emergent congestive heart failure
a. chronic nesiritide will increase mortality
b. tolerance develops rapidly to milrinone
c. dobutamine also possesses sodium-excreting actions
d. all of the above
e none of the above

Back 13

Blockade of _____ will specifically affect the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential
a. sodium channel
b. calcium channel
c. potassium channel
d. beta-adrenergic receptor
e all of the above