Pcol Ii Quiz I Umb2009 Srnas

Front 1

List the Pharmacologic Classifications of Psychotropic Drugs

Back 1

anxiolytics
Antipsychotics
Antidepressants
Psychomotor stimulants
Psychotomimetics
Euphoriants
Cognitive Enhancers

Front 2

Marijuana, volatile solvents are examples of______________.

Back 2

euphoriants

Front 3

Amphetamine, cocaine and caffeine are examples of_____________.

Back 3

Euphoriants

Front 4

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, peyote, phencyclidine ( and ketamine) and some opiods are examples of __________.

Back 4

Psychotomimetics

Front 5

amphetamine, cocaine and caffeine are examples of _________.

Back 5

Psychomotor stimulants

Front 6

TCAs, SSRIs, MAOIs etc are examples of ___________.

Back 6

Antidepressants

Front 7

Chlorpromazine, haloperidol,clozapine risperidone are examples of _____________.

Back 7

Antipsychotics

Front 8

Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, ethanol are examples of ________.

Back 8

Anxiolytics

Front 9

Tacrine, donepezil, piracetam, aniracetam are examples of _________. (Some H3 receptor inverse agonists may soon be added to this group)

Back 9

Cognitive enhancers

Front 10

What is the most ubiquitous aexcitatory amino acid in the CNS?

Back 10

L-glutamate

Front 11

where in the CNS is L- Glutamate concentrated?

Back 11

L-glutamate is distributed throughout the CNS.

Front 12

How is L-glutamate derived?

Back 12

1. L-glutamate is derived from glutamine in glial cells.
2. L-glutamate is synthesized in neurons from glucose via the tricarboxylic acid (Kreb) cycle.

Front 13

Is glycine and excitatory or inhibitory amino acid?

Back 13

Glycine exhibits inhibitory effects on motor neurons, especially in the spinal cord.

Inthe brain, glycine fascilitates the excitatory effects of gluttamate.

Front 14

Where in the CNS is glycine concentrated?

Back 14

In the gray matter of the spinal cord.

Front 15

What is the main inhibitory transmitter in the brain?

Back 15

GABA

Front 16

When glutamate is released it is taken up by ______ and _________.

Back 16

Neurons and astrocytes.

Front 17

Describe what happens to glutamate when it is taken up by astrocytes.

Back 17

1. Glutamate is transported into the astrocyte by EAAT (excitatory amino acid transporter.
2. It is converted to glutamine by glutamine synthase.
3. It is transported out of the astrocyte and into the neuron by glutamine transporter.
4. It is converted back into glutamate by Glutaminase.
5. It is transported into a vessicle by vessicular glutamate transporter.

Front 18

Name the only synthetic inhibitory amino acid analog that is therapeutically approved

Back 18

Baclofen

Front 19

What type of receptors are glutamate receptors?

Back 19

1. Ligand gated ion channels
2. G-Protein coupled (metabotropic)

Front 20

Name the three types of ion channel glutamate receptors.

Back 20

NMDA
AMPA
KAINATE

Front 21

What is the structure of all the ion channel glutamate receptors? (NMDA, AMPA, and KAINATE)

Back 21

All are pentameric structures of subunits with differing isoforms and splice variants

Front 22

Which of the glutamate receptors are modulated by AAs binding at allosteric sites?

Back 22

NMDA, AMPA

Front 23

What is the modulator for the NMDA receptor?

Back 23

glycine

Front 24

What is the modulator for the AMPA receptor?

Back 24

Kynurenic acid

Front 25

True or False:
All glutamate receptors cause ion channel opening.

Back 25

False

Front 26

In what way are metabotropic glutamate receptors unique from othe G-protein coupled receptors?

Back 26

glutamate binds on an extracellular N terminal tail of the G- Protein.

Front 27

What second messengers are coupled to metabotropic glutamate receptors?

Back 27

Positively coupled to IP3/DAG.
Negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase.

Front 28

True or false:
Amine GPCR and glutamate GPCR have analogous amino acid sequences.

Back 28

False

Front 29

Which ion is the NMDA receptor channel permeable to?

Back 29

Ca++

Front 30

Magnesium ions block the channel of which receptor in its resting state?

Back 30

NMDA

Front 31

What causes the Magnesium ion block to disappear in the NMDA receptor?

Back 31

Depolarization

Front 32

Which drugs block the ion channel of the NMDA receptor?

Back 32

Ketamine, dizocilpine, dextrophan (metabolite of dextromethorphan)

Front 33

NMDA Channel blocking drugs exhibit what properties?

Back 33

1. Anesthetic properties
2. Neuroprotective properties
3. Psychotomimetic properties
4. Abuse potential

Front 34

What therapeutic use is there for NMDA channel blocking drugs?

Back 34

May be used to treat CVA where excessive glutamate release has caused brain damage.

Front 35

NMDA channel is modulated by ___ and ________.

Back 35

glycine and polyamines

Front 36

___________is an obligatory modulator on the NMDA receptor for glutamate.

Back 36

Glycine