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8 Cards in this Set
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Anselm |
11th century (1033-1109)
Archbishop of Canterbury
Satisfaction Theory of Atonement (Christ's death satisfied God's offended honor)
Developed 1. ontological (preexisting idea of a being that is greater than all) and cosmological proofs for existence of God 2. logical proofs for necessity of incarnation |
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Bernard of Clairvaux |
12th Century (1090-1153)
Augustinian, mystic, monk, theologian
Leader of the reforming Cistercian movement
major preacher of 2nd crusade
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Francis of Assisi |
12th - 13th Century (1181-1226)
Believed worldliness was a key problem in the church.
set to rebuild the church around the pattern of living like Jesus "ascetic, poor"
1215 his order of Lesser Brothers received papal approval. |
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Thomas Aquinas |
13th Century (1224 - 1274)
Great Doctor of the Catholic Church
Dominican monk turned teacher
Summa Theologia
Scholasticism reached its pinnacle in his writings |
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John Duns Scotus |
13th - 14th Century (1266-1308)
Franciscan Scholastic Theologian - considered one of the last great scholastic thinkers
analytical precision of Thomas and mystical elements of Anselm not found in Duns.
Influenced William Ockham |
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William of Ockham |
13th - 14th Century (1280-1349)
Medieval English Theologian
Best known for his nominialism (only physical particulars in space and time are real, and that universals exist only post res, that is, subsequent to particular things)
emphasized the limits of human reason in understanding God
Ockham's splitting of theology from philosophy flowed into the reformation through Luther Occam's razor - among competing hypotheses that predict equally well the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected |
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John Wycliffe |
14th Century (1330-1384)
Morning Star of the Reformation
no need for mediatorial priesthood of men
no basis for transubstantiation
translated Bible into English
declared a heretic in 1382
followers (Lollards) preached the gospel itinerantly throughout English countryside |
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John Huss |
14th Century (1371-1415)
Bohemian priest
Influenced by Wycliffe
preached against abuses of Catholic Church
championed the preaching of the Bible in the common language of the people
excommunicated and burned at the stake in 1415. |
