Pbd Ii Quiz 1

Front 1

Four major functions of GI system?

Back 1

Motility
Secretion
Digestion
Absorption

Front 2

Name the 3 parts of the pharynx.

Back 2

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Larygopharynx

Front 3

Aprox. how long is the esophagus?

Back 3

25 cm

Front 4

Name the 1st sphincter of the GI system.

Back 4

Pharyngoesophgeal spincter (UES)

Front 5

The opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes is the ______________.

Back 5

Esophageal hiatus

Front 6

Name the 2nd sphincter in the GI system.

Back 6

Gastroesophageal sphincter (LES)

Front 7

T/F The lower third of the esophagus contains both smooth and skeletal muscles.

Back 7

False

Front 8

T/F The middle third of the esophagus contains both smooth and skeletal muscles.

Back 8

True

Front 9

T/F The thin-walled dome-shaped part of the stomach that is located above the level of the lower esophageal sphincter is called the _____.

Back 9

fundus

Front 10

Name the 3rd sphincter of the GI system.

Back 10

Pyloric sphincter

Front 11

The sheets of mesentery that suspend the stomach and attach to the lesser curvature of the stomach is called the ___________.

Back 11

lesser omentum

Front 12

Mesentaries are double sheets of serous membrane that suspend part of the GI tract, and provides routes for what?

Back 12

Nerves, arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels

Front 13

Place these in order from most toned to least toned (stomachs):
Orthotonic
Atonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic

Back 13

Hypertonic
Orthotonic
Hypotonic
Atonic

Front 14

How long is each segment of the small intestine?
The duodenum?
The jejunum?
The ileum?

Back 14

The duodenum- 25CM
The jejunum- 2M
The ileum- 2.27M

Front 15

Name the 4th sphincter.

Back 15

ileocecal

Front 16

The part of the colon that is suspended by the mesocolon is referred to as the ________ colon.

Back 16

transverse

Front 17

The transverse colon empties into the ________________.

Back 17

descending colon

Front 18

Name the 5th and 6th sphincters.

Back 18

Internal and external anal sphincters

Front 19

Internal sphincter is made up of ______ muscle.

Back 19

smooth

Front 20

External sphincter is made up of ______ muscle.

Back 20

skeletal

Front 21

T/F The lamina propria is the connective tissue portion of the submucosal layer of the wall of the GI tract.

Back 21

False, the mucosa layer

Front 22

The connective tissue layer of the mucosa of the GI tract is called the:
a. lamina propria
b. submucosa
c. adventitia
d. serosa

Back 22

a. lamina propria

Front 23

The internal anal shpincter is under ____________ (VOLUNTARY / INVOLUNTARY) control.

Back 23

involuntary

Front 24

Blood from the GI tract is drained by the ________________ vein.

Back 24

hetpatic portal

Front 25

Chylomicrons leave the instestinal villi by entering the _________ (a structure) and traveling in the lymph to the systemic circulation.

Back 25

lacteals

Front 26

Name 4 portocaval anastomsis.

Back 26

Esophogeal
paraumbillical
rectal
retroperitoneal

Front 27

Name 3 parts of the mucosa.

Back 27

Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae

Front 28

The submuscosa contains:

Back 28

Connective tissue, nerve plexus, blood and lyphatic vessels, lymph nodes and glands

Front 29

The Muscularis externa is made up of:

Back 29

Circular and longitudinal smooth muscle and nerves

Front 30

Extrinsic parasympathetic innervation of the GI tract is via (PREGANGLIONIC/POSTGANGLIONIC) fibers of the vagus nerve.

Back 30

Preganglionic

Front 31

Extrinsic innervation is control by the _________.

Back 31

ANS

Front 32

Meissner's plexus (submucosal) is located in the submucosa and controls ________ and ________.

Back 32

secretory activity and blood flow

Front 33

Myenteric or Auerbach's plexus is located between the muscle layers of the ________ ________ and regulates __________________________.

Back 33

muscularis externa; contraction and relaxation of the GI smooth muscle

Front 34

T/F Plexi consist of a network of nerve cell bodies and nerve processes. Sensory neurons monitor activties and interneurons communicate between plexi.

Back 34

True

Front 35

T/F The myenteric plexus of the enteric nervous system is located between the submucosa and muscularis externa.

Back 35

False

Front 36

T/F Contraction of the muscularis externa of the GI tract occurs only if its electrical threshold if reached.

Back 36

False

Front 37

What is the range for resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle?

Back 37

-40 to -80 mV

Front 38

Slow wave threshold must be reached to produce _________.

Back 38

slow wave

Front 39

Contraction threshold must be reached to produce _______.

Back 39

contraction

Front 40

Eletrical threshold must be reached to produce ____________.

Back 40

action potentials

Front 41

Each threshold is controlled by what?

Back 41

endogenous/exogenous hormones and neurotransmitter substances

Front 42

Name 2 excitatory compounds.

Back 42

Acetylcholine and Substance P

Front 43

Name 2 inhibitory compounds.

Back 43

Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide (VIP) and Nitric Oxide (NO)

Front 44

T/F Substance P increases motility of the GI tract.

Back 44

True

Front 45

T/F The most frequent cause of dysphagia is achalasia.

Back 45

False, esophageal webs

Front 46

_____________ of the esophagus is an out pocketing of the wall.

Back 46

Diverticula

Front 47

_________________ are horizontal folds of the muscosa projecting into the lumen.

Back 47

Esophageal webs

Front 48

Carcinoma of the esophagus can occur from ______ ______ and is the ______ leading cause of death by cancer in men.

Back 48

chronic achalasia; 5th

Front 49

Dysphagia can be helped by what?

Back 49

Eating slowly, eating soft foods and at an upright position.

Front 50

Irritation of the lining of the stomach caused by agents such as alcohol, salicylates and staphylocaccal endotoxin is referred to as __________________.

Back 50

acute gastritis

Front 51

T/F A migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) would occur during fasting and serves to clear the remains of a previous meal out of the stomach

Back 51

True

Front 52

T/F The submucosal plexus of the enteric nervous system is located between the submucosa and muscularis externa

Back 52

True

Front 53

T/F Sliding type hiatus hernia is more common than the paraesophageal type.

Back 53

True