Pbd 2 Exam 5 - Thyroid

Front 1

Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. In Grave’s disease, TSH levels are elevated and the individual is hyperthyroid
b. The mode of tissue injury in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a type III.
c. In chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis the patient develops a goiter and a hyperthyroid state.
d. In a hyperthyroid state there is a depression of the T-cell suppressor system

Back 1

d. In a hyperthyroid state there is a depression of the T-cell suppressor system

Front 2

Grave's Disease is an autoimmune disease in which
a. The patient develops an enlarged thymus gland
b. The thyrotoxicosis condition depresses the function of T-suppressor cells
c. An antibody is formed to the thyroglobulin molecule
d. The disease is accompanied by elevated levels of TSH
e. B and D

Back 2

b. The thyrotoxicosis condition depresses the function of T-suppressor cells

Front 3

True/False
Hashimoto's thyroiditis results from the autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland.

Back 3

True

Front 4

Concerning Graves' disease, which of the following is TRUE:
a. suppressed T3 and T4 plasma levels
b. elevated TSH plasma levels
c. produces diffuse toxic goiter
d. results from autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland
e. treated by hormone replacement

Back 4

c. produces diffuse toxic goiter

Front 5

A common characteristic between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Grave’s disease is the usual development of a ___________.

Back 5

goiter

Front 6

In Grave’s disease the antigen is _____________.

Back 6

the TSH receptor

Front 7

T/F?
Myxedema is the result of long-standing hypothyroidism

Back 7

True

Front 8

True/False
The most common cause of nontoxic goiter in rural Japan is Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Back 8

in the US.

Front 9

True/False
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates the synthesis and release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by the anterior pituitary.

Back 9

True

Front 10

True/False
Thyroglobulin is cleaved from T4 by proteolytic enzymes in the peripheral circulation to form T3.

Back 10

False. in the follicular cell

Front 11

True/False
The most common cause of hypothyroidism in the US is uninodular goiter.

Back 11

False. Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Front 12

True/False
Iodine-containing compounds, Beta-blockers and corticosteroids stimulate the conversion of T4 to T3.

Back 12

False. inhibit

Front 13

True/False
Thyroid hormones exert their action by binding to cell-membrane receptors of target cells.

Back 13

False. intracellular receptors

Front 14

True/False
Hashimoto's thyroiditis results from the autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland.

Back 14

True

Front 15

True/False
T3 and T4 both have negative feedback effects on the hypothalamus and pituitary.

Back 15

True

Front 16

True/False
The most common cause of nontoxic goiter in rural Japan is Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Back 16

False. in the United States

Front 17

True/False
T4 is 3 to 4 times more potent than T3.

Back 17

False. T3 is 3 to 4 times more potent than T4.

Front 18

True/False
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is produced by the anterior pituitary and directly stimulates the synthesis and release of T4 and T3.

Back 18

False. produced by the hypothalamus and indirectly

Front 19

True/False
Myxedema is a symptom of impending thyrotoxic crisis.

Back 19

False. long-standing hypothyroidism.

Front 20

True/False
Hypocholesterolemia is a classic feature of hypothyroidism.

Back 20

False. Hypercholesterolemia is

Front 21

True/False
Thyroid hormones bind to cell membrane receptors in target tissues.

Back 21

False. intracellular receptors

Front 22

Iodine rapidly iodinates which of the following compounds in the process of organification:
a. diiodotyrosine (DIT)
b. thyroglobulin
c. tyrosine
d. thyroxine (T4)

Back 22

c. tyrosine

Front 23

Considering the synthesis, storage and release of thyroid hormone, organification refers to:
a. iodide trapping
b. oxidation of iodide to iodine
c. iodination of tyrosine
d. proteolysis of thyroglobulins
e. none of the above

Back 23

c. iodination of tyrosine

Front 24

True/False
Our basal metabolic rate (BMR) is dependent upon proper secretion of growth hormone.

Back 24

False. thyroid hormone.

Front 25

True/False
Without a thyroid, humans would not be able to survive cold temperatures since this gland is important for thermogenesis.

Back 25

True

Front 26

True/False
One of the most common side effects of long-standing hypothyroidism is myxedema (bagginess under the eyes and swelling of the face).

Back 26

True

Front 27

True/False
An example of short-loop feedback control of endocrine secretion would be the action of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) on the hypothalamus.

Back 27

False. long-loop

Front 28

True/False
The major cause of nontoxic goiter in the United States is iodide deficiency.

Back 28

False. outside the United States

Front 29

The acute exacerbation of all of the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis is referred to as ______________

Back 29

thyroid storm or thyrotoxic crisis

Front 30

True/False
The primary cause of nontoxic goiter in the United States is Graves' Disease.

Back 30

False. Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

Front 31

True/False
The thioamide family of drugs is most useful in young patients with small glands and mild hyperthyroidism.

Back 31

True

Front 32

True/False
The treatment of choice for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is radioactive iodine (131I).

Back 32

False. Grave's disease

Front 33

True/False
Multinodular goiter results from stimulation by TSH receptor-stimulating antibody (also called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin [TSI])

Back 33

False. Diffuse toxic goiter

Front 34

True/False
Hypercholesterolemia is a classic feature of hyperthyroidism.

Back 34

False. hypothyroidism.

Front 35

True/False
High levels of plasma iodide inhibit thyroidal production of iodine.

Back 35

True

Front 36

True/False
Graves' Disease is the most common cause of nontoxic goiter in the U.S.

Back 36

False. Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Front 37

True/False
Ion trapping refers to the binding of iodine to tyrosine.

Back 37

False. Organification

Front 38

True/False
Myxedema is the result of long-standing hypothyroidism.

Back 38

True

Front 39

The acute exacerbation of all of the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis is referred to as _______________________.

Back 39

thyroid storm

Front 40

Combining inorganic iodine with tyrosine is referred to as __________________.

Back 40

organification