Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Renal Capsule |
outer layer of kidney that holds it in place
|
|
cortex
|
outer region of kidney
|
|
medulla
|
outer and inner medulla
contains regions of the nephron separated into lobes called pyramids (just anatomical features, also called lobes) |
|
hilum |
pit where blood vessels come in and out located in central kidney |
|
What are the next two major parts where urine passes? |
minor and major calyxes, into renal pelvis to ureter
|
|
Nephron - glomerulus |
the end of an afferent arteriole and gives lead to an efferent arteriole glom. capillaries filter about 20% of total plasma entering nephron, then exits to go to either peritubular capillaries or vasa recta |
|
loop of henle |
includes the proximal straight tubule |
|
Renal corpusal |
contains glomerulus and Bowman's capsule (which is the beginning of the nephron) |
|
proximal tubule |
connects bowman's to loop of henle? |
|
Superficial Nephron |
a nephron whose proximal convoluted tubule is in the outer part of the renal cortex and whose loop of Henle goes only a short way into the renal medulla. |
|
Mid-cortical Nephron |
largeamount of peritubular are used for reabsorp for solutes and water in kidney |
|
Juxtamedullary Nephron |
closeto medullary line (juxta = “close to”), have very long loop of henle (Which goes to inner medulla), loopis wrapped with vasa recta capbed, main job is to concentrate urine |
|
Distal Tubule |
|
|
Cortical Collecting Duct |
|
|
Medullary Collecting Duct |
|
|
|
filters about 20% of total plasma entering nephron, then exits |
|
Peritubular capillaries |
blood supply to tubular cells |
|
Vasa Recta |
blood supply to loops of juxtamedullary nephrons |
|
afferent arteriole |
also called resistant vessels |
|
efferent arteriole |
becomes peritubular capillaries that surround proximal tubule efferent arteriole downregulates P heading into P cap. to help with reabsorption/resistance P and R drops as blood leaves glomerulus so flow decreases |
|
Peritubular capillaries |
absorption and can modify how much filtration we get from kidney |
|
Renal Circulation |
indirectly determines GFR Modifyproximal tubule absorption Functionsin the concentration of urine O2and CO2exchange by the cells of the nephron Deliverssubstances to be secreted |
|
Flow of Renal Artery Equation |
Q = (Renal artery P - Renal vein P) / Renal Vasc Resistance |
|
Kidney Functions (7) |
1.Excretion of foreign substances, chemicals, metabolicwaste, drugs and metabolites●2.Regulation of water and electrolytes – balance●3.Arterial blood pressure regulation●4.Acid-Base Balance●5.Regulate erythrocyte production (erythropoietin): nedocrine●6.Vitamin D regulation●7.Gluconeogenesis: can happen in extreme hunger |
|
Excretion is equal to what? |
excretion = how much filtered - reabsorbed + secreted E = F - R + S |
|
How do filtered materials we don't need get filtered? |
all gets excreted epithelial cell secretes it into tubule |
|
What is an example of a substance we completely reabsorb after filtration? |
glucose |
|
Clearance |
The volume of plasma form which a substance is completelyremoved per unit time to completely remove sub X - excretion rate:plasma conc of a solute |
|
What 3 aspects do we need to know for clearance equation? |
1. Plasma conc. (Px) 2. urine conc. (Ux) 3. urine flow rate (V) |
|
Clearance equation: |
Cx= Ux*V/Px tells you that if you had X amount of plasma, you would clear Y ml amount of plasma per solute Z |
|
Clearance can be used to determine GFR |
creatinine and inulin are always filtered and then excreted, no secretion or reabsorption, so filtration rate equals clearance rate - C inulin (GFR) = Ux * V/P inulin |
|
Filtered Inulin *can also be used to another solute |
P inulin X GFR |
|
Excreted Inulin *can also be used for another solute |
U inulin X V |
|
Clearance Ratio |
?? |