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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General process of Pavlovian conditioning consists of four main elements:
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1. Unconditioned stimulus
2. Unconditioned response 3. Conditioned stimulus 4. Conditioned response |
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Unconditioned stimulus (US)
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Cue that has biological significance and in the absence of prior training naturally evokes a response (UR)
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Unconditioned response (UR)
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Naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus
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Pavlovian Conditioning |
Pair the US with a neutral stimulus, repeatedly
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Conditioned stimulus (CS)
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Cue that is paired with an unconditioned stimulus and comes to elicit a conditioned response
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Conditioned response (CR)
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Trained response to a conditioned stimulus in anticipation of the unconditioned stimulus that it predicts
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Pavlovian Conditioning
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Basic phenomena
Learned through Acquisition •Neutral stimulus (CS) paired with a biologically relevant stimulus (US). Before conditioning •CS – no response •US – unconditioned response (UR) •During conditioning •CS paired with US •After conditioning •CS evokes a response (conditioned response; CR) |
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Appetitive Conditioning |
conditioning in which the US is a positive event
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Aversive conditioning
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Conditioning in which the US is a negative event
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3 Important features of learning (conditioning)
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1. Stimulus (S)
2. Response (R) 3. Outcome (O) |
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Pavlovian conditioning
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Stimulus (S) – outcome (O) – response (R)
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Operant conditioning
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Stimulus– Response– Outcome
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5 Phases of learning (conditioning)
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Acquisition
•Extinction •Spontaneous recovery •Reacquisition •Reinstatement |
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Acquisition
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Time during which the subject acquires the association
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Extinction
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Occurs when a CS is given without a US •The CR strength declines during extinction trials
A combination of “unlearning” and learning of new, opposing responses to the CS •CS acquires a new “don’t respond” meaning that competes with original “do respond” association •Does not totally abolish the learning! |
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Spontaneous recovery
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Rest period after the extinction phase •The CR will recover (maybe not as strongly)
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Reacquisition
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Pair the CS and US again, CR will recover (faster)
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Reinstatement
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US-only presentation
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