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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ottoman Military Annexations in the Arab World (4)
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-Defeat of Mamluks in Syria and Egypt: 1516-1517
-Conquest of Iraq: 1514-1552 -Conquest of Yemen: 1539-1635 -Lower Nubia/Sudan/Red Sea: 1555-1557 |
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2 Groups that pledged allegiance to the Ottomans
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-Hashemite Sharifs of Hijaz
-Quraysh and clan of Hashem |
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Naval Support and Allegiance
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-N. African Turkish Sea Ghazis to prevent European attacks, esp. Spain and Phillip II
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Significance of Ottoman Rule in the Arab Lands (5)
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1. Controlled all of the Major Capitals of Islam
2. Capital of Islam-->Outisde the Arab World 3. Ottoman Sultan is protector of Islamic Holy Sites 4. Ottomans Control the trade routes 5. Revenue from Arab Lands helped conquer Europe |
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What was happening in Europe that made it easier for the Ottomans to capure the Arab World?
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-W. Europe is occupied with shipbuilding
-Religious reform (Luther's 95 Theses) -Schism in European Society -Reformation and Counter-Reformation |
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Franco-Ottoman Alliance
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Welcomed by the Huguenots
-Capitulations for French merchants (subject to French law, not Ottoman) -French build a consulate in Aleppo 1547 |
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Ottomans faced early Mamluk revolts and suppressed them
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-Mamluk Egyptian revolt in 1520
-While Mamluks remained in Egypt, no more Mamluks were allowed in Syria -After 1517, Mamluks were imported as administrators |
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Bedouin Insubordination
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-Being settled in the Gulf Emirates, now are a potential threat to trade routes and pilgrim caravans
-Frontier of settlement affected by Bedouin insubbordination |
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Ottoman policy towards the Bedouin:
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1. Buy militant chiefs off
2. Appoint Bedouin Chiefs as sub-governors and tax farmers 3. One clan against the next 4. Fight smaller tribes |
