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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 rules of cell theory? |
- All living things are made up of cells - Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of organisms and - All cells come from pre-existing cells |
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What are cells? |
Cells are the building blocks of which all living organisms are made |
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Who developed cell theory? |
3 german biologists - M Schleiden - T Schwann - R Virchow |
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Who is Robert Hooke and what did he do for cell theory? |
Robert Hooke, an English scientist, discovered a honeycomb-like structure in a cork slice using a primitive compound microscope. He only saw cell walls as this was dead tissue. He coined the term "cell" for these individual compartments he saw.
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Who is Robert Brown and what did he do for cell theory? |
Robert Brown, an English botanist who discovered the nucleus in plant cells.
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What is a hypothesis? |
A hypothesis is a possible explanation for something that has been observed, it is a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation |
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What is the theory? |
A theory is a hypothesis that has been tested by experiments with the results of these experiments supporting the hypothesis along with more experimental evidence collected by independent workers |
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What is a scientific law? |
A scientific law is the description of an observed phenomenon |
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What is resolution? |
The resolution of an optical microscope is defined as the shortest distance between two points on a specimen that can still be distinguished by the observer or camera system as separate entities. |
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What is magnification? |
In physical terms, it is defined as a 'measure of the ability of a lens or other optical instrument to magnify (expressed as the ratio of the size of the image to that of the object) |
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What is the cell membrane? |
The cell membrane forms the boundary between the cytoplasm and the outside environment, it controls the entry and exit of substances to and from the cell, it is found in plant and animal cells |
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What is the nucleus? |
The nucleus controls the centre of the cell. It controls the formation of protein as it contains all the instructions for the cell. It is found in both plant and animal cells and can be seen under a light microscope. |
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What is the chloroplast? |
The chloroplast is found in a plant cell and contains the chlorophyll pigments and enzymes needed for photosynthesis. It can be seen under a light microscope. |
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What is the cell wall? |
The cell wall is found in the plant cell and can be seen under the light microscope. It acts as a pressure vessel, preventing over-expansion when water enters the cell |
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What is the mitochondria? |
The mitochondria can be seen under a light microscope and are found in both plant and animal cells. It is responsible for producing the energy needed by the cell via a process called respiration. |
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What is the nucleolus? |
The nucleolus can be seen under a light microscope and is found in both animal and plant cells. It contains RNA and is responsible for the manufacture of ribosomes. |
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What is the vacuole? |
The vacuole can be seen under a light microscope and is found in plant cells. They are fluid filled sacs which provide support. |
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What are the lysomes? |
the lysosomes can be seen under an electron microscope and found in animal cells, They contain digestive enzymes to break down old organelles |
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what is a smooth endoplasmic reticulum? |
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum provides lipids for membranes. the can be seen under an electron microscope and can be found in both animal and plant cells. |
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What is the endoplasmic reticulum? |
The endoplasmic reticulum can be seen under an electron microscope and is found in both plant and animal cells, it is responsible for the processing of proteins as well as the transport of proteins to other parts of the cell |
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What are the ribosomes? |
The ribosomes can be seen under an electron microscope and are found in both animal and plant cells, the are responsible for protein synthesis necessary for the cell to function. |
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What is a Golgi body? |
The Golgi body can be seen under an electron microscope, it is found in both plant and animal cells and is responsible for the processing, packaging and sort of cell products. |
