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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of infectious agents
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Prions, Viruses, Bacteria, mycoplasma, Fungi, protazoa, helminthes,
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Typical basic response to viruses
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lymphocytes and monocytes.
Cell mediated defenses to control localized infection Circulating IgG to stop blood born |
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Bacteria basic response
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PMNs +/- necrosis
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Examples of virulence factors
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1 Rapid replication. Abscess results
2 Toxins. Group A streptococci exotoxins disrupt tissues to allow spread. Gas gangrene due to toxins that lyse neutrophils-->extensive necrosis, numerous gram + rods, abscence of inflammatory cells 3 Resistense to phagocytosis--TB 4 Cell entry |
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"Incomplete" bacterial agents
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Chlamydiae: contain both DNA and RNA, obligate intracellular paracites, depend on host ATP
Chlamydia pneumonia: disseminates via macrophages and monocytes, intracellular Rickettsiae: gram negative coccobacilli, obligate intracellular--Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
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Response to Mycoplasma
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induce marked lymphoplasmacytic response. Walking pneumonia, urethritis, female GTI, bind to epithelial cell suraces (respiratory and genital)
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Fungi type response
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cell-mediated, varies. granulomas for histoplasma, PMNs for blastomyces
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Protazoa response
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variable, including hypersensitivity and/or chronic inflammation
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Helminths response
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induce eosinophilia in infected tissues
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Nonspecific defenses
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nutrition, age, fever, hormones (pregnant women get fungus)
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Repertoir of Specific responses to infectious agents
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Supporative
necrotizing tissue damage without inflammation (clostridium, entamoeba, hep b, hsv encephalitis) Chronic inflammation and scarring Mononuclear/granulomas Cytopathic/proliferative (inclusions, blisters, warts, dysplasia, cancer) |
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most favorabile sites for microbe entry and proliferation in general
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warm moist mucosae
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Innovative microbe methods of travel in body
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HIV, measles, and RSV spread by syncytium (cell fusion)
Polio and rabies can ride neuronal axoplasm to soma Malaria travels in RBCs to liver EBV and CMV travel in WBCs |
