Patient Care Transfer & Positioning/ Laboratory Test

Front 1

Patient Transfer & Transferring

Back 1

Identify patient
- Assess patient's ability to move him/herself
- Explain positing to patient
- Is a gown needed?
- Is jewelry removal needed?

Front 2

Patient Transfer & Transferring (2)

Back 2

Most common injury to healthcare workers is caused by assisting patients.
- Keep your feet at shoulder width
- Keep objects close to body (use your center of gravity, located at your pelvis.)
- Use your core, not your back!

Front 3

Patient Transfer & Transferring (3)

Back 3

Keep your abdominal muscles tight
- Keep your buttocks in
- Bend at your knees, not from your back
- Keep your knees fixed slightly
- Move your feet rather then twisting your spine.

Front 4

Patient Transfer & Transferring (4)
General Transfer rules:

Back 4

Give only as much assistance needed.
- Lock wheels on wheelchairs and stretchers before moving a patient.
- Keep the patient's stronger side toward the direction of the move.
- Give the patient time to adjust to changes in body positing.

Front 5

Patient Transfer & Transferring (5)

Back 5

Stretcher Transfer
- Support Patient's head, spine & extremities.
- Use a slide board or a draw sheet.

Front 6

Procedure using a draw sheet or slide board:

Back 6

Wear Gloves
- Move the stretcher parallel to the imaging table and lock the wheels
- Turn the patient to his/her side facing away from the table
- Place sheet under the patient
- Turn the patient to other side

Front 7

Procedure using a draw sheet or slide board: cont.

Back 7

Pull sheet under patient
- Lie patient supine
- Have patient fold arms across chest.
- Transfer by grabbing the sheet and pulling or pushing.
- At least three people should assist in moving an adult.

Front 8

Wheelchair Transfer:

Back 8

Have wheelchair footrests up and out of the way and wheels locked
- Lower imaging table to the lowest position.
- Position chair at 45 degree angle to imaging table
- Patient's strong side side should be next to table.
- Assist patient in standing, pivoting, and sitting on imaging table.

Front 9

Patient with IV infusions:

Back 9

Untangle tubing and move to IV pole on the imaging table.
- Do not turn of or restart IV
- Place IV drip at least 18 inches above the patient to ensure infusion and to prevent blood from back flowing into tubing

Front 10

Catheterized Patient:

Back 10

Make sure bag is able to move freely with patient.
- Move bag to distal end of the table after patient is on table
- Keep bag below the height of the patient to prevent urine from back flowing.

Front 11

Procedure using a draw sheet or slide board:

Back 11

Wear Gloves
- Move the stretcher parallel to the imaging table and lock the wheels
- Turn the patient to his/her side facing away from the table
- Place sheet under the patient
- Turn the patient to other side

Front 12

Procedure using a draw sheet or slide board: cont.

Back 12

Pull sheet under patient
- Lie patient supine
- Have patient fold arms across chest.
- Transfer by grabbing the sheet and pulling or pushing.
- At least three people should assist in moving an adult.

Front 13

Wheelchair Transfer:

Back 13

Have wheelchair footrests up and out of the way and wheels locked
- Lower imaging table to the lowest position.
- Position chair at 45 degree angle to imaging table
- Patient's strong side side should be next to table.
- Assist patient in standing, pivoting, and sitting on imaging table.

Front 14

Patient with IV infusions:

Back 14

Untangle tubing and move to IV pole on the imaging table.
- Do not turn of or restart IV
- Place IV drip at least 18 inches above the patient to ensure infusion and to prevent blood from back flowing into tubing

Front 15

Catheterized Patient:

Back 15

Make sure bag is able to move freely with patient.
- Move bag to distal end of the table after patient is on table
- Keep bag below the height of the patient to prevent urine from back flowing.

Front 16

Patient on Oxygen

Back 16

Oxygen is prescribed by a doctor at a specific rate of flow.
- Note rate of oxygen flow in (L/h)
- Disconnect from portable oxygen tank and connect to room outlet.
- Turn off portable tank
- Reconnect to portable tank after procedure

Front 17

Positioning on the imaging table

Back 17

Supine: Patient is on his/her back.
-Support head with pillow
- Use pillow or bolster under knees to relieve back pressure
- *** Use arm holder to position arms at sides
Use tourniquet to position and hold feet

Front 18

Lateral Recumbent

Back 18

Patient is on his or her side with knees flexed

Front 19

Prone

Back 19

Patient is face down
- Use pillow to support head
-Place pillow under ankles to support feet
- Let feet hang off the edge of the table

Front 20

Laboratory Test
CBC

Back 20

Completed blood count
- Performed on whole blood, blood that has not been allowed to clot.
- Measures blood cells
- Can be used to evaluate for anemia, leukemia, infection, dehydration, evaluation of specefic blood cell types.
Differential will show % of various white blood cells

Front 21

Component of CBC
Hemoglobin = carries oxygen

Back 21

The amount of hemoglobin in the blood. Low levels indicate anemia.

Front 22

Hematocrit

Back 22

Percentage of cells (45%) to plasma (55%)

Front 23

WBC count

Back 23

The number of WBC
- Differential is # of each individual type of white blood cell.

Front 24

Glucose

Back 24

Measures the amount of circulating blood glucose in blood plasma, or serum. Used in diagnosis diabetes. Must be measured in prior to dosing patient's with FDG in PET scan!!
- Normal values for fasting glucose are 70-110 mg/dL. Fasting levels > 145 are postprandial levels, < 200 are diagnostic of diabetes.
- Level for PET scan should be < 200 mg dL.

Front 25

Hemoglobin A1C

Back 25

Receptor on surface of erythrocytes; glycosylated hemoglobin binds to site
- RBC (Erythrocyte) life span = 90 days
- Used as measure of glycemic control in diabetic patients

Front 26

Liver Functions Tests
Billirubin

Back 26

Made from old red blood cells in the spleen, excreted in the bile.

Front 27

ALT

Back 27

Alanine Transaminasee - Used to diagnose liver problems.

Front 28

AST

Back 28

Aspartate Transaminase - Elevated in acute liver damage

Front 29

Kidney Function Tests
BUN

Back 29

Blood Urea Nitrogen = Measures nitrogen (urea) in the blood. Slightly elevated - dehydration, greatly elevated kidney failure.

Front 30

Creatinine

Back 30

Produced from creatine, released into blood, most commonly used indicator of kidney function.

Front 31

Cardiac Enzymes

Creatine kinase

Back 31

Diagnosis during MI, elevated in other muscle injuries and trauma.
CK MB - The MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase is specific for myocardial damage.

Front 32

Troponin I

Back 32

binds actin in muscles

Front 33

Troponin I

Back 33

Is released into the bloodstream when myocardium is damaged. Levels can rise over a period of several days. Thus, you go into ER for chest pains, they will keep and for 24 hours and continue taking blood test.

Front 34

Thyroid Function Tests
TSH

Back 34

Thyroid stimulating hormone, levels are high in hyperthyroidism, and low in hypothyroidism

Front 35

आहारः
āhāra

Back 35

food

Front 36

PSA

Back 36

Prostate specific antigen - may be raised in men with prostate cancer

Front 37

CEA

Back 37

Carcinoembryonic antigen - a tumor marker produced by some types of cancer, seen in colin cancer

Front 38

HCG

Back 38

Human chorionic gonadothropin - test for pregnancy test

Front 39

CBC

Back 39

GI bleed, 111In WBC study, study in which you draw blood

Front 40

Check Glucose Levels

Back 40

PET/CT scan

Front 41

Liver Function Tests:

Back 41

Liver/spleen scan
HIDA scan = to see of gallbladder is working.

Front 42

Kidney Function Tests:

Back 42

Renal function scans with MAG3, or DIPA; renal morphology scans with DMSA; prior to IV contrast for CT scans

Front 43

Cardiac Enzymes

Back 43

Myocardial perfusion imaging, cardiac viability studies.

Front 44

Thyroid Function Tests

Back 44

I123 emitter uptake and scan (gamma emitter) I131 imaging and therapy

Front 45

Tumor Markers

Back 45

PET/CT, bone scans

Front 46

Beta + Gammer emitter (I131)

Back 46

A wave or a photon, we use mostly gamma rays....beta is slightly larger and damaging

Front 47

Alpha

Back 47

Is trouble, insanely big and damaging.