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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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causes of overflow incontinence
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bladder outlet obstruction
fecal impaction bladder paralysis |
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causes of functional incontinence
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dementia
oversedation physical immoblity |
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risk factors of stress incontinence
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pregnancy, childbirth, menopause
cognitive impairment obesity age |
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causes of stress incontinence
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intrinsic urethral deficiency from either congenital sphincter weakness, trauma, or irradiation
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types of metabolic acidosis
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with or without an anion gap
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causes of metabolic acidosis without an anion gap
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gi bicarb loss, early renal insufficiency, RTA
drugs (cholestyramine, magnesium oxide, excess NaCl) |
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causes of metabolic acidosis with anion gap
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MUDPILES
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types of metabolic alkalosis
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volume mediated (decreased kidney function, decreased bicarb excretion; increased Na+ reabsorption and H+ secretion)
volume independent (H+ excretion via excess mineralocorticoids, hypokalemia) |
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causes of metabolic alkalosis
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excess loss of hydrogen ions, diuretic use, excess mineralocorticoid activity
administration of bicarb rich fluids |
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signs and symptoms of metabolic alkalosis
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hypoventilation, cardiac arrhythmias
neuromuscular confusion |
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causes of edema
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obstruction of lymphatic flow
increased capillary pressure decreased colloidal osmotic pressure increased capillary permeability |
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respiratory regulation of acid-base disorders
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chemoreceptors in brainstem respond to changes in pCO2 and pH
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renal regulation of acid-base homeostasis
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proximal tubule HCO3- reabsorption
renal ammoniagenesis distal tubule H+ secretion |
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arterial blood gas reflects
while venous blood reflects |
ABG- degree of oxygenation by lungs
Venous- O2 use by tissues |
