Pathophysiology - Disorders Of Male Repo

Front 1

Function of testes?

Back 1

produce sperm and androgens (testosterone and DHT)

Front 2

How is sperm made?

Back 2

from germ cells lining seminiferous tubules and maturation by Sertoli cells

Front 3

Function of Leydig cells?

Back 3

testosterone and DHT synthesis and secretion

Front 4

Accessory glands?

Back 4

Seminal vesicles, Cowper's bulbourethral glands, urethral glands, prostate

Front 5

how is testosterone sythesized?

Back 5

from cholestrol and androstenedione by leydig cells

Front 6

SHBG increased when?

Back 6

hyperthyroidism, cirrhosis, estrogens

Front 7

DHT derived from?

Back 7

testes and peripheral tissue conversion of testosterone by 5-a-reductase

Front 8

LH stimulates?

Back 8

Leydig cells to produce testosterone

Front 9

DHT negative feedback?

Back 9

DHT reduces LH pulse requency, estradiol reduces LH pulse Amplitude (ea)

Front 10

testosterone inhibits what secretion?

Back 10

LH and GnRH

Front 11

FSH stimulates?

Back 11

Sertoli cell production of testicular fluid, ABP, and inhibin

Front 12

Function of inhibin?

Back 12

acts on pituitary to inhibit FSH without LH

Front 13

ABP for what?

Back 13

transports testosterone into lumen of seminiferous tubules

Front 14

5 a reductase converts?

Back 14

testosterone to DHT

Front 15

Male infertility divded into what 3 categories?

Back 15

pre-testicular, testicular, post-testicular

Front 16

Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens associated with?

Back 16

CFTR gene

Front 17

azoospermia?

Back 17

absence of sperm in seme.

Front 18

Retrograde ejaculation often results from?

Back 18

diabetic neuropathy

Front 19

What is germ cell aplasia?

Back 19

absent germ cells so spermatogenesis cannot begin

Front 20

What is hypospermatogenesis?

Back 20

normal sperm but low in #

Front 21

What is maturation arrest?

Back 21

inability for spermatogenesis to proceed beyond a certain stage.

Front 22

What is Kallman's syndrome?

Back 22

Defect in hypothalamic GnRH synthesis and secretion often accompanied by anosmia (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a secondary cause of hypogonadism)

Front 23

DAX1?

Back 23

gene for congenital adrenal hpoplasia (21-hydroxylase deficiency)

Front 24

GnRHR

Back 24

gene for GnRH receptor

Front 25

How does hypothyroidism cause hypogonadism?

Back 25

Less T3/T4 means increased TRH and increased prolactin which inhibits GnRH

Front 26

How does hyperthyroidism cause hypogonadism?

Back 26

increased conversion of testosterone to estrogen which causes feedback to decrease LH/FSH

Front 27

Hallmark of androgen resistence?

Back 27

High LH and testosterone: leydig cells can make testosterone but pituitary cannot sense the increased androgen because receptor is fffed

Front 28

How do varicoceles affect spermatogenesis?

Back 28

often bilateral, they increase testicular temp which augments spermatogenesis

Front 29

Retrograde ejaculation from?

Back 29

autonomic neuropathy related to DM

Front 30

congential bilateral absence of vas deferens associated with?

Back 30

CFTR mutation, though this mutation usually don't have respiratory manifestations

Front 31

99% of men with cystic fibrosis have?

Back 31

congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens

Front 32

Chordee?

Back 32

painful erection with penil curvature caused by nondistensibility of one corpus cavernosum.