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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the purpose of vaccines
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To induce long-lasting protective immune responses not resulting in disease.
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What is the primary mechanism of vaccines
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Primary response is shortlived. May need boosters to increase immune response, numbers of memory cells and sustained protective levels of antibodies, T cells, or both.
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What are live attenuated vaccines
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Weakened forms of the pathogen. Usually viral. Ex: MMR, varicella. Cause a limited, easily controlled infection.
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What are killed vaccines
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Inactivated pathogen. Ex: Hep A. Cannot cause infection.
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What is an example of a recombinant viral protein vaccine
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Hep B. Purified viral antigen.
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What are bacterial antigen vaccines.
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Ex: pneumococcal pneumonia. Contains a mix of capsular polysaccharides from 10 strains.
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What are toxoid vaccines
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Purified, inactivated toxin that create an immune response. Ex: TDaP
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What are MOAs of antibiotics
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Prevent function of enzymes and damage bacterial structures, inhibit cell wall synthesis, damages cytoplasmic membrane, alters metabolism of nucleic acids, inhibits protein synthesis, modulates energy metabolism
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How does penicillin work
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Inhibits cell wall synthesis
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How does HIV work
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Suppresses immune response, rapid antigenic changes
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How has TB adapted
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Multidrug resistance
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How does C.dif work
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Treatment with clindamycin, causes overgrowth of C. dif, causes pseudomembranous colitis
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