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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name 2 types of amyloid?
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1*= alpha light chains cmpsd of antibodies
2*= chrnc inflmmation--> serium amyloid A (SAA) ; renal dse--> b2 microglobulin |
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symps of child abuse?
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baby shaken syn = retinal hmmrghes, coup & contracoup contusions
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how do u determine time of death?
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dtrmne by rigor mortis & livor mortis;
rigor mortis = muscle stiffness livor mortis= grvtation of blood to dpndnt parts of body |
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environmental toxins; radiation toxicity
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initially hematopoiesis affected (lymphs die b4 othr cells); then GI epithelium, then CNS fx
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Environmental teratogens --> mnemonic "WART"
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W- warfarin
A- alcohol, ACE inhibitors R- retinoids T- thalidomide |
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Where is alk phos made? how do u determine source of alk phos?
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Liver and Bone; dtrmne by heat fractionization, "Liver lives, Bone burns"
--> liver fraction HEAT STABILE, Bone fraction HEAT LABILE |
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Vasculitities... When do u see C-ANCA and P-ANCA?
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C-Anca = stains cytoplasm --> Wegener's granulomatosis
P-Anca= stains perinuclear--> polyarteritis nodosa |
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Common neuropathies...
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Claw hand= ulnar nerve w/ median nerve palsy
Wrist drop = radial nerve palsy Foot drop = peroneal nerve palsy |
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when do u see marasmus and kwashiorkor?
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marasmus = TOTAL calorie mlnrshmnt
kwashiorkor= protein deficient |
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What is the Neuroleptic rule of 4?
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4 hrs--> 4 days =dystonia
4days --> 4 wks = akasthesia + eps 4 mos --> tardive dyskinesias |
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What is the phrase for ANTICHOLINERGIC TOXICITY?
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Blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, dry as a bone, bloated as a bladder, hot as a hare, red as a beet
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What is seen with Malignant hyperthermia?
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hereditary hyprsensitve ryanodine rcptr + halothane/ succinylcholine cause massive calcium release --> muscle rigidity, tachycardia, fvrs up to 42C; labs show INCRSED CPK/K+ ... gold standard test --> caffeine-halothane test; Treat with ? --> DANTROLENE
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what induces hypertensive crises?
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MAO inhibitors + tyramine (found in cheese and wine) --> causes massive amounts of catecholamines in the body --> lead to hypertensive crisis
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what causes lethal gray baby syndrome? red man syndrome?
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chloramphenicol ; vancomycin
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what can u use to treat hyperkalemia?
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Albuterol, kayexalate, insulin, bicarb... albuterol causes cellular uptake of K+
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what is succinylcholine contraindicated for intubation paralysis?
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burns, trauma, nromsculr dse d/t causing MASSIVE HYPERKALEMIA and ARRYTHMIAs
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What can varying levels of AFP in prenatal testing indicate?
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afp = dcrsd in downs, incrsd in multiple gestations, neural tube defects and duodenal atresias
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what do u screen for neonatally?
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hypothyroidism b/c thyroid hormone is important for proper development of cns, etc. ; PKU and Galactosemia
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what weeks do u peform the following...
chorionic villous sampling? amniocentesis? |
cvs = 9-11th week
amnio = 16-18th week |
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what do u c in hypovolemic shock?
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low CO, high Pulmonary VR, low PCWP, low bp, low urine output, tachycardia
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what do u c in cardiogenic shock?
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low CO, high PVR, high PCWP, high CVP, low bp, tachy
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what do u c in septic shock? what causes septic shock?
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high CO, low PVR, high temperature; caused by LPS stimulation of IL-1, TNF y other cytokines
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Causes of postop fever? THE FIVE W'S...
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w- wind atelectasis 24-48 hrs postop
w- wound infection w- water --> UTI w- walking --> DVT w- wonder drugs --> drug fever |
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MNemonic for LOC due to trauma?
AEIOU TIPS |
A- alcohol , E-epilepsy, I- insulin (+/-), O- overdose, U-uremia (electrolyte changes), T- trauma, I-infection, P-psychogenic, S- stroke
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what is the COMA Cocktail?
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dextrose, thiamine, naloxone + 02
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