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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what causes genital warts (Condylomata Acuminata)
what is the pathology? |
HPV
virus penetrates the stratified squamous epithelium to stimulate replication causing various forms of warts |
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this type of genital wart has a thick and horny layer
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keratotic wart
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Popular warts have
a) cauliflower shape b) rough surface c) smooth surface d) none of the above |
smooth surface
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what is the most common form a genital wart
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cauliflower shape (condylomata acuminate)
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The incubation time for genital warts is
a) 1-7days b) 3-5 weeks c) 6-8 weeks d) 6 months e) none of the above |
6-8 weeks
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T/F
it is common for genital warts to have subclinical manifestations and have no visible warts |
T
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All of the following can use wet mount slide for diagnosis excepts
a) genital warts b) Candidiasis c) Chlamidae d) none of the above e) all of the above |
Chlamidae-
direct fluorescent antibody test NAAT Nucleaic ACid Amplification Test |
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list some treatments for genital warts
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burn, electrocautery, laser, cryotherapy, surgery
vaccine- gardasil |
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T/F
Genital Herpes can be passed to child if born vaginally even if there is no outbreak current |
F-
can be passed to child BUT must be during outbreak |
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what is the pathology of genital herpes?
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vesicular lesion of the dermis and infected local nerves
between outbreaks it hides in the dorsal root of sacral ganglions |
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T/F
Genital Herpes is stored in the dorsal root of the lumbar ganglions between outbreaks? |
F
Dorsal Root Sacral Ganglion |
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the incubation time for genital herpes is _____ followed by what kinds of s/s before an outbreak
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2-10 days
prodromal sign=local itch, burning, tingling, flulike symptoms |
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when is genital herpes most contagious?
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acute phase when vesicles emerge
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describe the acute phase of genital herpes
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eruption of vesicles
rupture on 5th day-> painful wet ulcers swollen lymph nodes |
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if left untreated outbreaks of genital herpes usually last
a) 1-2 weeks b) 2-4 weeks c) 4-6 weeks d) none of the above |
2-4 weeks
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using a test to identify antibodies is a diagnostic method for
a) Genital Warts b) Genital Herpes c) Chlamydia d) a/b e) b/c |
Herpes - serological test
Chlamydia- direct fluorescent test (also Lymphogranuloma venereum bc it tests for chlamydial antibodies) |
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T/F
Gential herpes can be cured |
F- no cure - only tx to prevent outbreak
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what is the pathology of chancroids?
how does this disease manifest? |
acute ulcerative lesions w pustular discharge of the genitalia and lymph nodes (not common in US)
macules-> pustules-> rupture-> painful ulcers |
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which of the following cannot be treated with antibiotics?
a)Syphillis b)Chlamydia c)Gonnorrhea d)all can be treated w antibiotic e)none can be treated w antibiotic |
ALL
+ Chancroids + Lymphogranuloma Venereum |
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What is the pathology of lymphogranuloma Venereum?
what causes it? |
Swollen tender inguinal lymph nodes(acute)
inflammation can cause blockage of lymph syst causing elephantitis, salpingitis, cervicitis (chronic stage) caused by Chlamydia Trichoma |
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what is the incubation time and what are the prodromal symptms for lymphogranuloma Venereum?
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few days to several weeks'
flu like symptoms, joint pain, rash |
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list some risk factors for Candidiasis (yeast infxn, thrush, moniliasis)
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Birth Control & Preg increase glycogen
overuse of Antibiotics underwear material/style obesity diabetes systemic steroid use immunocompromised |
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what is the pathology of Candidiasis?
what is the tx? |
vaginal irritation/inflammation caused by candida albicans (yeast)
tx: antifungal, NaBicarb bath |
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list some manifestations of candidiasis?
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odorless, thick/cheesy acidic vag discharge
vulvar pruritits dysuria, dyspareunia, erythema |
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Candidiasis can be diagnosed by
a) clinical s/s b) wet mount slide w KOH c) culture d) all of the above e) none of the above |
ALL
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what percentage of male partners carry trichomonas and what is the causative agent?
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70-80% carry
caused by Trichomonas Vaginalis |
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what is the pathology of Trichomonas?
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extracellular organism feeds on mucosa and ingests bacteria and white cells causing local infection and irriation
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This pathology manifests with copious frothy malodorous discharge. what is the pathology along with some other manifestations
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Trichomonas
green/yellow discharge local pruritis strawberry spot on vagina and cervix increased pH >6 |
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this pathology can manifest with a strawberry spot on the vagina and cervix
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trichomonas
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T/F
Trichomonas is usually asymptomatic in males |
T
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which pathologies will increase the pH of the vagina?
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Trichomonas >6
Bacterial Vaginosis >5 |
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Metronidazole is used to treat
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Trichomonas
Bacteria Vaginalis |
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what is the most prevalent vaginitis?
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bacteria vaginitis- Gardnerella Vaginosis
40-70% women harbor organism as normal flora |
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what is the pathology of bacteria vaginitis?
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presence of anaerobic bacteria favors proliferation of gardnerella vaginosis
sexual activity catalyzes this causes minimal inflammation |
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this pathology manifests with gray/white discharge that has a foul fishy odor, especially post sex but causes no local irritation
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bacteria vaginalis
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which pathology does not create any local irritation?
a) Trichomonas b) Bacteria Vaginalis c) Chlamydia d) None e) All |
Bacteria Vaginalis
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the presence of "clue cell" on a wet mount slide indicates
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bacteria vaginialis
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what is the most prevalent STD in the US?
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Chlamydia
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Chlamydia is commonly seen in combination w ______
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Gonorrhea
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what is the pathology of Chlamydial infection
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causes variety of infxn
PID Urethritis Pneumonia Trachoma Keratoconjunctivitis-> blind Lymphogranuloma venereum |
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Chlamydia can cause all of the following except
a)PID b)urethritis c)pneumonia d)candidiasis e)all |
candidiasis
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what diagnostic tests are used to detect Chlamydia
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fluorescent Antibody Test
Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) |
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This pathology is highly likely to be contracted upon single exposure
a)Chlamydia b)Gonorrhea c)Syphillis d)All e)none |
Gonorrhea
90% involved persons btwn 15-44 |
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what is the causative agent of Gonorrhea
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Gram (-) pyogenic Neisseria Gonorrhea
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T/F
if left untreated Gonorrhea can cause systemic infections of joints, HT valves, meninges |
T
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What is the pathology of Gonorrhea ?
What is the tx? |
infection of mucus secreting epithelia that starts from the urethra and accessory glands and moves interior to the prostate/epididymis, Cervix/Tube
Treated w antibiotic |
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T/F
Women are more likely to show symptoms of Gonorrhea than Men |
F
Men are more likely to be sympomatic |
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what is the incubation period for Gonorrhea?
a) 2-7 days b) 1-2 weeks c) 2-4 weeks d) up to 6 months e) none |
2-7 days
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what are the manifestations of Gonorrhea?
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dysuria, yellow/bloody urethral discharge in men
dyspareunia, pelvic tenderness, vag discharge in women men are more likley to show s/s |
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All of the following are diagnostic test for Gonorrhea except
a) +Gram Stain of urethral/vag discharge b) detect gonococcal enzyme - PCR c) Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) d) ALL |
NAAT - Chlamydia
Other Tests for Gonorrhea culture, PCR, testing for other STDS (syphilis, chlamydia) |
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what is the causative agent of syphillis?
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Treponema Pallidum
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T/F
Syphillis can be transmitted indirectly |
F- through direct contact only - usually sex
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What is the pathology of Syphilis?
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local, systemic, and congenital infection
caused by treponema pallidum |
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what is the most contagious stage of syphilis?
a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) all are contagious |
Stage 1 - primary syphilis is highly contagious
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T/F
stage 1 syphilis manifest with a single painful hard chancre on the external genitalia |
F- PAINLESS!
in addition there are swollen inguinal lymph nodes |
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describe the manifestations of Stage 1 Syphilis
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single painless hard chancre on xtrnl genital
swollen inguinal lymph nodes heals w/in 2-12 weeks without tx |
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what is the incubation time for syphilis?
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10-90 days
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Stage 2 Syphilis occurs how long after stage 1?
How long does it take to resolve? |
6 weeks to 6 months
resolves in 2-6 weeks if not treated |
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Describe Stage 2 syphilis
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bacteremic stage:
maculopapular rash of palms/soles and mucous membrane genital condyloma lata alopecia, fever, loss of appetite |
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which is not a manifestation of Tertiary Syphilis?
a)Gummas b)Rash on palms/soles c)cardiovascular lesions d)CNS lesions e) all f) none |
rash of palms/soles - secondary syphilis
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A dark field exam can be used to diagnose ______
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1st/2nd stage syphilis
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Penicillin is used to treat which STD?
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Syphillis
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VDRL and RPR are as a diagnostic for
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non-specific screening for syphilis
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Specific Test used to diagnose syphilis is
a)VDRL b)FTA-Abs c)RPR d)MHA-TP e)A&B f)B&D |
FTA-Abs
MHA-TP |
