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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Incorrect Statement
a) hormones respond to general stimuli b) hormones are present at all times c) act locally d) travel in blood stream |
hormones respond to SPECIFIC Stimuli
also: DO NOT initiate reactions- instead act as modulators general and local effects paracrine and autocrine syst act locally only |
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T/F
paracrine hormones act locally and autocrine hormones do not |
F
both act locally paracrine- do not act on cells that produce the hormone autocrine- act on cells that produce the hormone |
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Insulin is:
a) paracrine hormone b) autocrine hormone c) steroid hormone d) none |
autocrine
beta cells produce insulin and insulin acts on beta cells |
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list classifications of hormones
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amines & proteins
steroid |
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steroid hormones
a) fat soluble b) have intracellular receptors c) estrogen d) made of cholesterol |
ALL
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incorrect statement about hormones
a) are all present in body fluid b) travel via blood c) act locally and generally d) initiate physiologic reactions |
do NOT initiate physiologic reactions
MODULATE reactions via up/down regulating |
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T/F
for general effects large amounts of hormone are required |
F- small amounts
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True statement about hormones
a) activated b) respond to specific stimuli c) synthesized in Golgi complex d) all are true |
respond to specific stimuli
note: hormones are inactivated and synthesized in ER |
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how are hormones metabolized
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inactivated:
-enzymatically at recptr site -by LV/KD (LV destroy KD elim) -when unbound |
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Steroids are synthesized
a) RER b) SER c) Golgi d) Hypothal |
SER
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protein hormones are synthesized
a) RER b) Golgi c) SER d) KD |
RER- synthesis
packed into granules in Golgi |
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Where are steroid hormones packaged
a) RER b) Golgi c) SER d) KD |
NONE
steroid hormones are not packed into granules protein hormones synth in RER are packaged in the Golgi |
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T/F
protein hormones require a carrier |
F
steroid hormones require a carrier |
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what is the mechanism of action of hormones
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act by binding to specific receptor sites on cell membrane for protein and nuclear membrane for steroid
# of receptors determine up/down regulation |
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What determines up-regulation of a hormones
a) number of receptors b) type of receptor c) type of hormone d) + feedback |
increased number of receptors
-> up regulation |
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bind to surface receptor
a) amines b) peptides hormones c) steroids d) thyroid hormones |
amine
peptide hormones |
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Act on intracellular receptors
a) amines b) peptides hormones c) steroids d) thyroid hormones |
steroid
thyroid hormones |
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may act directly on a cell
a) amines b) peptide hormones c) neurotransmitters d) all |
ALL
amines and peptides may act directly as NTs or generate a 2nd messenger cascade |
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T/F
steroid and thyroid hormones may act as NTs or generate 2nd messenger cascade |
F
steroid/thyroid hormones bind to intracellular rcptrs create hormone recptr complex to initiate 2nd messenger |
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______ is the link between the CNS and endocrine functions
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hypothalamic pituitary axis
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Connects the hypothal and pituitary
a) corpus colosum b) hypophyseal portal syst c) pineal system d) nerve axons |
hypophyseal portal syst & nerve axons
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T/F
hypothal produces hormones that effect target cells/glands |
F
hypothal produces releasing hormones that act on the pituitary pituitary produces hormones that control functions of target cells/glands |
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stores and releases hormones from the hypothal
a) ant pituitary b) post pituitary c) pineal gland d) all |
post pituitary
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T/F
Ant pituitary does not make hormones |
F
post pituitary does not make hormones |
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list hormones released by post pituitary
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ADH
Oxytoncin |
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List hormones released by ant pituitary
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FLAT PG
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negative feedback
a) increase in hormone will stim hormone production b) decrease in hormone will stim hormone production c) regulated by its own substance d) none |
decrease hormone level will stim hormone production
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positive feedback
a) increase in hormone will stim hormone production via intermediary gland b) decrease in hormone will stim hormone production c) regulated by its own substance d) none |
increase in hormone will stim hormone production via intermediary gland
ex FSH/Estorgen |
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hormone that is regulated by its own substance
a) insulin b) FSH c) aldosterone d) renin |
insulin - reg by blodd sugar
aldosterone - reg by Na/K |
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causes of hormone hyperfuction
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xs stim
hyperplasia ectopic tumor |
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causes of hormone hypofunction
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congenital
infection inflammation autoimmune neoplastic growth aging recptr defect |
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list the diagnostics for general hormone function assessment
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blood hormone levels
urine test (confirm blood test) stim/supression test |
