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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the ability to provide nutritional and physical growth support for another is
a) Host b) Mutualism c) Commensalism d) Opportunistic |
Host
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colonizing bacteria that does not harm the host
the ability to provide nutritional and physical growth support for another is a) Host b) Mutualism c) Commensalism d) Opportunistic |
commensalism
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causes disease when there is underlying impaired immunity
a) Infection b) Infectious disease c) Commensalism d) Opportunistic |
opportunistic pathogen
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the presence of intestinal bacteria allows the production of vit k is an example of what kind of relationship?
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mutualism
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disease producing potential
a) Infection b) Infectious disease c) Virulence d) Pathogen |
Virulence
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____ always causes disease
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pathogen
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when the host sustains injury in response to a parasitic infection
a) Pathogen b) Infectious disease c) Parasitic Relationship d) Opportunistic |
Infectious disease
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the presence and multiplication of a living organism on or within a host
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infection
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free living organism
a) pathogen b) sporophyte c) host d) none |
sporophyte
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T/F
viruses are a specific cell type |
F
Virus= obligate intracellular parasite - not a cell - cannot replicate on its own |
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list the components of a virus
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protein coat surrounding nucleic acid (RNA or DNA)
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describe the relationship that a virus has on the host
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uses host for replication then causes lysis
either causes death of host or transforms host cell into malignant cell- controls hosts DNA system |
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what is true about bacteria
a) prokaryotic b) unicellular c) sterol membrane d) all are true |
prokaryote
unicellular (3 layer sterol membrane = mycoplasm) |
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incorrect statement about bacteria
a) asexual or simple cell division b) single DNA c) single RNA d) all are true |
all are true
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bacteria can use which of the following for energy production
a) anaerobic b) aerobic c) facultative anaerobic d) all |
all
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the smallest self replicating prokaryote
a) virus b) bacteria c) mycoplsma d) Rickettsiae |
mycoplasma
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obligate intracellular bacteria that is incapable of self replication
a) Chlamydia b) Mycoplasma c) Bacteria d) Rickettsiae |
Rickettsiae
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This form of bacteria has a complex growth cycle that has intra and extracellular stages
obligate intracellular bacteria that is incapable of self replication a) Chlamydia b) Mycoplasma c) Bacteria d) Rickettsiae |
chlamydia
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depends on a host cell for ATP production
a) Rickettsiae b) Chlamydia c) a, b d) none |
rickettsiae
chlamydia |
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eukaryotic cell
a) parasite b) fungi c) mycolasma d) all |
fungi-
composed if yeast, mold, dimorphic sexual or asexual Parasite- protozoa |
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list the types of parasite
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protozoa
helminth arthropod |
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wormlike parasite
a) Protozoa b) Helminth c) Arthropod |
Helminth
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vectors of infectious disease and ectoparasite
a) protozoa b) Helminth c) arthropod d) virus |
arthropod
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the process of a mosquito spreading malaria is an example of
a) protozoa b) Helminth c) arthropod d) virus |
arthropod
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this parasite requires hosts for complex maturation and reproduction cycle
a) protozoa b) Helminth c) arthropod |
protozoa
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list the the portals of infection entry
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penetration
direct contact ingestion inhalation |
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T/F
the number of infectious agents absorbed does not affect the ultimate transmissions of the disease |
F
number of agents directly affects the transmission |
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transmission of pathogens via exposure to intact mucus membranes
a) penetration b) direct contact c) ingestion d) none |
direct contact
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I patient with severe bacterial infection in the lungs, enters the hospital because the infection has since spread to the KD.
is the infection endogenous or exogenous in its source |
endogenous
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where nosocomial infection contracted
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hospital
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T/F
symptoms first appear during the incubation period |
F
NO symptoms- this is period of replication |
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at what stage do clinical symptoms first appear
a) incubation b) prodromal c) acute d) convalescent |
prodromal
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When are clinical symptoms the most pronounced
a) incubation b) prodromal c) acute d) convalescent |
acute
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a patient exhibits no clinical symptoms of a pathogen during which stage
a) incubation b) prodromal c) resolution d) all |
incubation
resolution |
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pathogens that travel via blood to site of infection is _____
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systemic infection
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list virulence factors
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toxins (endo/exo)
adhesion evasive invasive |
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T/F
and exotoxin is a lipid molecule in the cell wall of gram (-) bacteria |
F
endotoxin exotoxin= protein released by pathogens during growth |
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____inactivates/modifies key cellular constituents causing cell death or dysfunction
a) exotoxin b) endotoxin c) Invasive factor d) Adhesion factor |
exotoxin- protein release by pathogen during frowth
endo-lipid in cell wall of gram- bacteria invasive- enzymes secreted by pathogen to penetrate host tissue adhesion- bacteria binds to host embeds in gelatinous layer to protect bacteria |
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t/f
endotoxins are more life threatening than exotoxins |
T - causes endotoxic shock
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adhesion factors attach to host cell receptor via
a) ligand b) gelatinous layer c) pili/fimbrae d) all |
ligand
pili (gelatinous layer anchors and protects pathogen) |
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what is not related to evasive factors
a) capsule b) avoid host immune cells c) enzyme secretion d) replicate in WBCs |
enzyme secretion - by pathogens occurs in invasive factors to penetrate host tissues/anatomic barriers
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list diagnosis methods
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culture
serology antigen detection genomic sequence |
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for which cases are cell cultures used
a) virus b) chlamydia c) rickettsiae d) all |
all
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cultures are useful for determining all the following except
a) characteristics of colonies b) phase of infection c) microscopic appearance d) Gram stain |
phase of infection = serology
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serology is useful for determining what about a pathogen
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phase of infection
congenital infection (look for anti-bodies against a virus) |
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T/F
Serology is a direct method to identify a pathogen |
F- indirect
measures serum antibody specific to an agent |
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PCR is used for which diagnostic method?
a) culture b) serology c) antigen detection d) genomic sequence |
genomic sequence
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