Pathomechanics Midterm T/f

Front 1

In open chain motion the talus remains part of leg.

Back 1

TRUE

Front 2

The tib posterior easily undergoes phasic change.

Back 2

FALSE

Front 3

During the majority of stance the STJ supinates.

Back 3

TRUE

Front 4

Metatarsus adductus occurs at LisFranc’s Joint.

Back 4

TRUE

Front 5

The peroneus longus is a supinator during stance.

Back 5

TRUE

Front 6

During stance the STJ passes through the neutral position twice.

Back 6

TRUE

Front 7

The vertical component of force in gait is above body weight during mid-stance.

Back 7

FALSE

Front 8

The calcaneo-fib ligament is usually injured in an ankle sprain.

Back 8

FALSE

Front 9

Master Knot of Henry is attached to the navicular.

Back 9

TRUE

Front 10

With limb length inequality the short side supinates.

Back 10

TRUE

Front 11

A normal sub-talar position is neither pronated or supinated.

Back 11

TRUE

Front 12

Compensation may be considered normal or abnormal

Back 12

TRUE

Front 13

The mid-tarsal joint is considered to be ball and socket

Back 13

FALSE

Front 14

The Tibia externally rotates with knee extension

Back 14

TRUE

Front 15

Internal leg rotation at heel strike initiates open chain pronation

Back 15

FALSE

Front 16

A normal foot pronates twice as much as is supinates

Back 16

FALSE

Front 17

Bunions are primarily caused by tight shoes

Back 17

FALSE

Front 18

Torque conversion occurs during open chain motion

Back 18

FALSE

Front 19

The 1st ray has a pronatory / supinatory axis

Back 19

FALSE

Front 20

Internal femoral torsion and genu valgum are often seen together.

Back 20

TRUE

Front 21

When treating external torsions with night splints, hyperpronation will be created.

Back 21

FALSE

Front 22

Rearfoot varus deformities compensate to calcaneal perpendicular positions if possible.

Back 22

TRUE

Front 23

Hypermobility of the first ray is the precursor to degenerative join disease of the first MTPJ.

Back 23

TRUE

Front 24

Metatarsus primus elevatus may be functional or structural.

Back 24

TRUE

Front 25

Forefoot supination normally occurs during contact phase around the oblique mid tarsal axis.

Back 25

FALSE

Front 26

Disparity of gluteal folds may be suggestive of congenital dislocated hip.

Back 26

TRUE

Front 27

Genu valgum at age 5 may be normal.

Back 27

TRUE

Front 28

Considering most children outgrow internal tibial torsion no treatment of any kind is necessary.

Back 28

FALSE

Front 29

Dynamic splinting is more physiologic than static splinting.

Back 29

TRUE

Front 30

When the MTJ is maximaly pronated and locked, it can still supinate.

Back 30

TRUE

Front 31

Isotonic contractions are eccentric.

Back 31

FALSE

Front 32

Stabilizing antagonisitic muscles may exhibit isometric activity.

Back 32

TRUE

Front 33

The sesamoid apparatus is an extension of the first ray in propulsion.

Back 33

TRUE

Front 34

Length-tension ratio is related to muscle strength.

Back 34

TRUE

Front 35

Heel lifts are most effective in treating limb length discrepancy long-term.

Back 35

FALSE

Front 36

The fifth ray has apronatory/supinatory axis.

Back 36

TRUE

Front 37

In a partially compensated tibial varum, plantarflexion of the 1st ray may occur.

Back 37

FALSE

Front 38

Calcaneal navicular bar will restrict subtalar and midtarsal motion.

Back 38

TRUE

Front 39

Hypermobility of the 1st ray is commonly seen in uncompensated rearfoot varus.

Back 39

FALSE

Front 40

A Helbing sign is mostly associated with abduction of the calcaneus relative to the leg.

Back 40

TRUE

Front 41

A reverse Helbing sign may be seen in uncompensated rearfoot varus.

Back 41

TRUE

Front 42

At age 2, rotation of the leg on the thigh can occur even with the knee extended.

Back 42

TRUE

Front 43

In the pediatric population, ligamentous tears are extremely rare.

Back 43

TRUE

Front 44

The angle and base of gait are determined during visual gai analysis.

Back 44

TRUE

Front 45

Frontal plane deformity of the legs are the most destructive relative to foot symptomatology.

Back 45

FALSE

Front 46

A plantar lesion beneath the 4th metatarsal is often seen in partially compensated tibia varum.

Back 46

TRUE

Front 47

The spring ligament is supported by the tibialis posterior tendon.

Back 47

TRUE

Front 48

Skin splints are located along the posterior medial border of the shaft of the tibia.

Back 48

TRUE

Front 49

The calcaneal stance position represents the position of the calcaneus to the floor after all compensation of the foot has taken place.

Back 49

TRUE

Front 50

Tibialis anterior is responsible for maintaining the long axis of the midtarsal joint inverted associated with severe hyperpronation foot types.

Back 50

FALSE

Front 51

When tibial varum is present in association with tibial torsion, treatment should be targeted for the correction of the tibia varum?

Back 51

TRUE ?

Front 52

Peroneus brevis and longus are considered antagonistic.

Back 52

T - PL is a supinator and PB is a pronator during gait. Firing at the same time, they fall into our definition of antagonism.

Front 53

Muscle lengthening contractions are acceleratory.

Back 53

F - Muscle lengthening contractions are deceleratory.

Front 54

To increase hallux dorsiflexion during propulsion, the first ray must be pushed posteriorly by flexor hallucis longus.

Back 54

F - The first ray is pushed back by flexor hallucis brevis, with assistance from the ab- and adductors hallucis.

Front 55

The vertical component of force in gait exceeds body weight during mid-stance.

Back 55

FALSE

Front 56

Heel off requires triceps surae activity

Back 56

F - Momentum

Front 57

The 4th dorsal interosseus muscle inserts into the 3rd toe laterally.

Back 57

FALSE ?

Front 58

Heel spurs are caused by pull of the plantar fascia

Back 58

FALSE - it is associated with, but the fascia is below the spur.

Front 59

Chondromalacia of the patella is commonly seen with rigid cavus feet

Back 59

FALSE - it is caused by hyperpronation.

Front 60

The “Master Knot of Henry” surrounds the tibialis posterior and the flexor hallucis longus

Back 60

FALSE - it surrounds FDL and FHL and is attached to the navicular plantarly.

Front 61

The tibialis anterior can easily undergo phasic change

Back 61

TRUE - TA is biphasic