Pathology Quiz 3 Topic 9

Front 1

What are the 4 features which determine inflammatory classification

Back 1

Organ involved
Onset and course
Architectural pattern
Type of exudate

Front 2

Side 2: What is the response to viruses
Side 3: What is the classification of inflammation

Back 2

Immune mediated responses

Hint 2

mononuclear and nonsupppurative
(Lymphocytes and plasma cells )

Front 3

Side 2: What is the response to extracellular bacteria
Side 3: What is the classification of inflammation

Back 3

Phagocytosis and killing

Hint 3

Suppurative
(Pus or purulent exudate)

Front 4

What is the response to Intracellular bacteria, fungi

Back 4

Granulomatous respones
(epithelioid macrophages and giant cells)

Front 5

Side 2: What are the 4 classifications of inflammatory response based on time
Side 3: What is the time frame for each stage

Back 5

Peracute, acute, subacute, chronic

Hint 5

Peracute - rapid and severe
Acute - min. to 48 hours (exudative phase)
Subacute - 3-7 days (exudative and early proliferative features)
Chronic - >7 days (proliferative - fibroplasia)

Front 6

Describe what is seen in focal/multifocal inflammation

Back 6

One or multiple foci of discrete inflammation in an organ

Front 7

Describe what is seen in locally extensive inflammation

Back 7

Major part but not all of an organ is inflamed

Front 8

Describe what is seen in diffuse inflammation

Back 8

All or nearly all of an organ or part inflamed

Front 9

Describe what is seen in interstitial inflammation

Back 9

Inflammation focused on interstitium of an organ (eg. kidney, lung)

Front 10

Describe what is seen in generalized inflammation

Back 10

Somewhat redundant with "diffuse" and less desirable. Diffuse inflammation of multiple organs or surfaces

Front 11

Side 2: Describe necrotic inflammation
Side 3: Where does it generally occur

Back 11

Inflammatory reaction in which substantial necrosis occurs acutely
Pale yellow to white or gray necrotic tissue separated from viable tissue by a sharp red inflammatory border
Inflammed tissue separated from viable tissue with difficulty

Hint 11

Intestine, mouth, liver

Front 12

What is erosion

Back 12

Necrosis or loss of mucosa that etends to but not through the basement membrane
(erosive stomatitis, enteritis)

Front 13

Side 2: What is an ulcer
Side 3: what is the mechanism of action

Back 13

Necrosis or loss of mucosa that extends through the basement membrane
(Ulcerative stomatitis, enteritis, keratitis)

Hint 13

enzymatic digestion of inflamed tissue leads to sloughing revealing an ulcer often bordered by a red rim of inflammation

Front 14

Side 2: What are the characteristics of serous exudate
Side 3: What is its purpose

Back 14

Clear, watery exudate (may be faintly yellow) with low protein content; mild inflammatory response

Hint 14

Dilute toxins, contain antibodies
Good environment for bacterial growth

Front 15

Side 2: What are the characteristics of fibrinous exudate
Side 3: How does the organ appear

Back 15

Yellowish, opaque, adherent, elastic, friable exudate; severe inflammatory response

Hint 15

dull, granular, slightly frosted appearance
Fibrinous exudate peels easily from surfaces without bleeding

Front 16

Side 2: What is the terminology for the formation of a fibrinous layer of exudate on a surface
Side 3: Where does this generally occur

Back 16

Membranous or pseudomembranous exudates

Hint 16

Oral pharynx, trachea, airways, gastrointestinal tract

Front 17

What are the two ways in which fibrinous exudate can resolve

Back 17

Fibrinolysis or organization (conversion to scar tissue)

Front 18

Etiologies of fibrinous exudate - where do they occur
Side 2: Fusobacterium necrophorum
Side 3: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (bovine herpesvirus 1)

Back 18

Larynx of calves, "calf diphtheria"

Hint 18

Nasal cavity and trachea of calves

Front 19

Etiologies of fibrinous exudate - where do they occur
Side 2: Infectious laryngotracheitis virus
Side 3: Salmonella

Back 19

Larynx of trachea of chickens

Hint 19

Enteritis in pigs, calves, etc

Front 20

Fibrinous exudate
Side 2: Positive attributes
Side 3: Neagtive attributes

Back 20

Prevents spread of inflammation

Hint 20

Hinders inflammatory process by excluding oxygen, entrapping fluid and enzymes, and by exerting pressure on adjacent tissues

Front 21

Compare and contrast fibrinous and fibrosis
Side 2: What is fibrinous
Side 3: What is fibrosis

Back 21

A type of exudate that is broken down by fibrinolysis; from clotting system
May undergo 'organization' to form granulation (fibrous) tissue
Elastic and friable

Hint 21

Process of forming fibrous tissue "scar tissue"
Nonelastic, tough, difficult to tear or break down

Front 22

What is mucoid exudate

Back 22

Excess of mucus on a mucosal surface (GI and respiratory tracts) caused by mild irritation

Front 23

What is mucopurulent exucate

Back 23

Excess mucus infiltrated by neutrophils and desquamated epithelial cells on a mucosal surface

Front 24

What is catarrhal exudate

Back 24

Mucoid or mucopurulent exudate in GI tract which has entrapped ingesta
(may be used interchangeably with mucopurulent)

Front 25

Side 2: What is hemorrhagic exudate
Side 3: When is it seen

Back 25

Primarily escaped blood
Red to black
May combine with other exudate (serohemorrhagic, fibrinohemorrhagic)

Hint 25

Peracute to acute, usually severe inflammation
Occurs most often in ln, intestine, lung, urinary bladder
May be accompanied by other signs of inflammation

Front 26

What is suppurative or purulent exudate

Back 26

Diffuse or scattered accumulations of neutrophils in tissues

Front 27

Side 2: What is pus
Side 3: What are the characteristics

Back 27

liquid exudate composed of fluid dead or dying neutrophils and cell debris

Hint 27

Watery to creamy or pasty
yellowish, white, gray, greenish (eosinophils), rusty (RBCs)
Odorless or foul smelling (septic)

Front 28

What is pyogenic exudate

Back 28

Pus forming
Pyogenic bacteria - cause pus formation (E.coli, Klebsiella, pseudomonas, Staphylococcus

Front 29

Side 2: What is an abcess
Side 3: What is a chronic abscess

Back 29

a focal accumulation of pus in a tissue

Hint 29

Abscess enclosed by a fibrous capsule; the thicker the capsule, the more chronic the abscess

Front 30

What is a fistula

Back 30

Suppurative tracts that dissect along lines of least resistance from a cavity to a surface

Front 31

Side 2: What is cellulitis
Side 3: What are some characteristics

Back 31

Dissecting inflammation of subcutaneous tissue that may aggressively spread along fascial planes

Hint 31

Extensive tissue destruction and serous to seropurulent to suppurative exudate; +/- crepitation

Front 32

Side 2: What is eosinophilic exudate
Side 3: What are some characteristics

Back 32

Exudate in which large % of cells are eosinophils

Hint 32

Gross - Greenish yellow
Sites - Skin, mucosa, muscle
Etiologies - Allergic reactions, parasitic infections, salt poisoning of pigs

Front 33

Side 2: What is nonsuppurative exudate
Side 3: What is it associated with

Back 33

Exudate dominated by varying numbers of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages

Hint 33

Associated with subacute to chronic inflammation and viral infections

Front 34

What is follicular exudate

Back 34

Conjunctivitis or pharyngitis - nodular accumulations of lymphocytes and plasma cells (lymphoid follicles)

Front 35

What is lymphoplasmacytic exudate

Back 35

More specific term than nonsuppurative