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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are factors responsible for small gestational age infants?
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preterm premature rupture of placental membranes (PPROM)
intrauterine infection uterine, cervical, and placental structural abnormalities multiple gestation (twins) |
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what are the leading causes of death during the neonatal period?
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placenta previa
abruptio placenta cord compression toxemia prolonged ruptures of amniotic sac (membranes) chorioamnionitis |
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what are the leading causes of death during infancy?
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?
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what are the leading causes of death during 1-14 years?
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accidents
child abuse cancer prematurity and birth defects SIDS |
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what are the leading causes of death in older teens?
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accidents
homicides suicide cancer |
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what are the 2 viruses responsible for many congenital malformations and describe the syndromes?
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cytomegalovirus- most severe in 2nd trimester. CNS inflammation, microcephaly (small head), hepatosplenomegaly. clinical effects: deafness and mental retardation
congenital rubella (german measles)- maternal infection shortly before conception up until the 16th week of preg may cause severe malformations in the fetus. clinical: mild for mother but cataracts and cardiac defects (patent ductus arteriosis, pulmonary artery stenosis, terologiy of fallot, ventricular septal defect), deafness for fetus. |
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explain Rh prophylaxis and which children are at risk (which Rh+ children of an Rh- mother)
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?
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what is cystic fibrosis
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common caucasian genetic dz caused by homozygous lack of a membrane component essential to upper chloride transport across membranes of mucus-producing and sweat glands
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connection between DES, vaginal adenosis, and adenocarcinoma of the vagina
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DES (diethylstilbestrol)-developed to supplement a woman's natural estrogen production. In 1971, was linked to rare vaginal cancer in female offspring. DES contributes to .1% of adenocarcinoma in women.
adenosis- in vagina; presence of subepithelium glandular structures lined by mucus columnar cells that resemble endocervical cells |
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**what does acute lymphoblastic leukemia cause in children?
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more death in children under age 15 than all other cancers combined
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what is CF morphology?
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mucus plugs in exocrine ducts
cysts form behind the plugs subsequent fibrosis after years of obstruction recurrent pneumonia lung abcesses bronchiectasis |
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what is the clinical picture of CF?
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excessively salty sweat
chronic lung infections secondary diabetes (in 15%) bowel obstruction due to thick mucus (meconium ileus) in 5-10% of newborns lack of pancreatic enzymes affect digestion and inflammatino cirrhosis (in 5%) |
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dx of CF?
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sweat test
genetic testing |
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course of CF?
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death in teens and young adults. life expectancy is about 25 years, many variables. avg patient hospitalized for 2 weeks, several times/yr
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tx of CF?
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pancreatic enzyme replacement
lung infections controlled mucolytics lung transplant gene therapy? |
