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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Physiologic manifestation of anemia is
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reduced oxyden carrying capacity
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Variable symptoms on anemia is based on
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severity and the ability for the body to compensate
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Classic anemia symptoms
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Fatigue, weakness, dyspnea, (rate and depth of breathing) and pallor
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Macrocytic-Normochromic Anemias (also termed as megaloblastic anemias) is characterized by
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Defective DNA synthesis
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Macrocytic-Normochromic Anemias (also termed as megaloblastic anemias) is based on defiencies of
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B12 and Folic acid
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RNA is processed at a normal rate: True or false?
What will it result to? |
True
Results in the unequal growth of the nucleus and cytoplasm |
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Pernicious anemia is caused by ___, that is required for vitamin_____ absorption, therefore lacking in that vitamin
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Lack of intrinsic factor, B12
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What are the symptoms of Pericoious anemia?
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Pernicious anemia
Typical anemia symptoms Neurologic manifestations Nerve demyelination Others Loss of appetite, abdominal pain, beefy red tongue (atrophic glossitis), icterus, and splenic enlargement |
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How can you tell one has Pericious Anemia?
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Schillings test (measure radioactive cobalamine (B12) in urine
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What is the treatment of Pernicios anemia?
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Parenteral or high doses of vitamin B12
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Absorption of folate occurs in ______
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upper smaller intestine
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Folate deficiency anemia has similar symptoms to pernicious anemia except
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neurologic manifestations are generally not seen
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Treatment for Folate deficiency anemia requires
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daily oral administration of folate
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Anemias are characterized by
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red cells that are abnormally small and contain reduced amounts of hemoglobin.
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Iron deficiency anemia
Characteristics are... |
Most common type of anemia worldwide
Nutritional iron deficiency Metabolic or functional deficiency Progression of iron deficiency causes: Brittle, thin, coarsely ridged, and spoon-shaped nails A red, sore, and painful tongue |
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Sideroblastic anemia
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Altered mitochondrial metabolism causing ineffective iron uptake and resulting in dysfunctional hemoglobin synthesis.
Ringed sideroblasts within the bone marrow are diagnostic. (Sideroblasts are erythroblasts that contain iron granules that have not been synthesized into hemoglobin) |
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Normocytic-Normochromic Anemias Characterized by
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red cells that are relatively normal in size and hemoglobin content but insufficient in number
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Aplastic anemia characteristics include
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Pancytopenia
Pure red cell aplasia Fanconi anemia |
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Posthemorrhagic anemia
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Acute blood loss from the vascular space
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Describe Hemolytic anemia
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Accelerated destruction of red blood cells.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemias Immunohemolytic anemia Warm antibody immunohemolytic anemia Drug-induced hemolytic anemia Cold agglutinin immunohemolytic anemia Cold hemolysin hemolytic anemia |
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What is sickle cell Anemia?
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Anemia of chronic inflammation
Mild to moderate anemia seen in: AIDS, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, hepatitis, renal failure, and malignancies Pathologic mechanisms Decreased erythrocyte life span Ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin Altered iron metabolism |
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What is Polycythemia?
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Overproduction of Red Blood cells
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Relative polycythemia results into
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Result of dehydration
Fluid loss results in relative increases of red cell counts and Hgb and Hct values |
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What are the types of Absolute polycythemia?
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Primary absolute
Abnormality of stem cells in the bone marrow Polycythemia vera (PV) Secondary absolute Increase in erythropoietin as a normal response to chronic hypoxia or an inappropriate response to erythropoietin-secreting tumors. |
