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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 things that can initiate apoptosis |
Embryogenesis Lack of Growth Factos Certain receptor- ligand interactions Granzymes from Cytotoxic T cells Cell injury such as radiation |
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Extrinsic Pathway for apoptosis begins when what happens |
"Death Ligand" binds to receptor (like type I TNF receptor) activating Initiator Caspases (Cas 8) which activates initiator caspases which activates execution caspases |
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Intrinsic pathway for apoptosis begins with damage to what structure |
Mitochondria |
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Intrinsic Pathway |
Cytochrome C activates Caspase 9 which activates effector Caspases (3,6,7,12) |
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2 examples of Apoptotic Promoters |
BAX BAD |
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2 examples of Apoptotic inhibitors |
BCL-2 BCL-XL |
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Enzymes that breakdown DNA during apoptosis |
Endonucleases |
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What is the surface marker on apoptotic bodies that macrophages recognize |
Phosphatidylserine |
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What color is Necrotic tissue usually |
Pale |
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3 reasons necrotic tissue turns pale |
increased water loss of cytochrome oxidase Loss of blood |
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On a microscopic layer will necrotic tissue stain more basophilic or eosiniphilc |
Eosinophillia (no RNA, protein denaturation) |
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What happens to the nucleus of a necrotic cell |
Pyknosis, Karyolysis, abscence |
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3 general types of Necrosis |
Coagulative Necrosis Caseation Necrosis Liquefactive necrosis |
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Coagulative Necrosis |
Gross and microscopic characteristics are still recognizable (Dead protein denatured delaying breakdown) |
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A red line of demarcation in coagulative necrosis indicates what |
Hemorrhage |
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A white line in coagulative necrosis indicates what |
Inflammation |
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4 causes of Coagulative Necrosis |
Some bacterial Toxins Infarcts Mild burns Certain Chemicals |
