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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the main routes of invasion by malignant neoplasms?
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seeding w/in body cavities (eg may glaze all peritoneal surfaces), lymphatic spread, hematogenous spread
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What class of tumors typically metastasize via lymphatic spread?
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carcinomas
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What class of tumors typically metastasize via hematogenic spread?
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sarcomas
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What are some notable exceptions (carcinomas that spread via blood vessels)?
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renal cell and hepatocellular carcinomas (marked by early venous invasion and hematogenous dissemination)
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What is HEMATOGENOUS DISSEMINATION?
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widespread blood-borne dissemination of neoplastic cells
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What are the most common secondary sites of hematogenous dissemination?
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lungs and liver
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What does MONOCLONALITY mean?
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originates from a single precursor cell
*most neoplasms are monoclonal; polyclonal proliferations are almost always non-neoplastic* |
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How are G6PD ISOENZYME STUDIES used to assess monoclonality of tumors?
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in females who are heterozygous for this marker, cells randomly express one of two G6PD isoenzymes; monoclonal tumors express only one of the isoenzymes, polyclonal cellular proliferations exhibit both isoenzymes
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