Pathology Neoplasia First Aid And Goljan

Front 1

What are the functions of proto-oncogene protein products?

Back 1

Growth factors
Growth factor receptors
Signal transducers
Nuclear transcribers

Front 2

Proto-oncogene of CML?

Back 2

ABL

Front 3

ABL function?

Back 3

Nonreceptor tyrosine kinase activity

Front 4

ABL mutation type?

Back 4

translocation t(9:22)
Philadelphia Chromosome

Front 5

HER (ERBB2) proto-oncogene associated with what cancer?

Back 5

breast carcinogenesis

Front 6

HER (ERBB2) function?

Back 6

Receptor synthesis

Front 7

Which proto-oncogenes undergo amplification mutation?

Back 7

HER (ERBB2)
N-MYC

Front 8

Burkitt's Lymphoma is associated with what proto-oncogene?

Back 8

C-MYC

Front 9

Translocation of Burkitt's Lymphoma?

Back 9

t(8;14)

Front 10

MYC proto-oncogenes code what gene product?

Back 10

Transcription factor

Front 11

L-MYC associaed with what cancer?

Back 11

Lung tumor

Front 12

N-MYC associated with what cancer?

Back 12

Neuroblastoma

Front 13

Which proto-oncogene involved in GTP signal transduction?

Back 13

RAS

Front 14

Which proto-oncogenes undergo point mutations?

Back 14

RAS
RET

Front 15

Leukemia, lung, colon, and pancreatic cancer are all associated with which proto-oncogene?

Back 15

RAS

Front 16

Which proto-oncogene involved in endocrine tumors?

Back 16

RET
(MEN IIa/IIb syndromes)

Front 17

Overexpression of SIS proto-oncogene associated with what cancers?

Back 17

Astrocytoma
Osteogenic sarcoma

Front 18

What part of the cell cycle do tumor suppressor genes regulate?

Back 18

G1 to S phase

Front 19

What do mutations in TSGs cause?

Back 19

unregulated cell proliferation

Front 20

Which TSG is associated with familial polyposis (colorectal carcinoma)?

Back 20

APC

Front 21

What is the function of APC?

Back 21

Prevents nuclear transcription (degrades catenin, an activator of nuclear transcription)

Front 22

BRCA1/BRCA2 TSGs are associated with what carcinomas?

Back 22

Breast
Ovary
Prostate

Front 23

BRCA1/BRCA2 function?

Back 23

regulates DNA repair

Front 24

RB TSG associated with what cancers?

Back 24

Retinoblastoma
Osteogenic sarcoma
Breast carcinoma

Front 25

Which TSGs inhibit G1 to S phase?

Back 25

TB
TGF-B
TP53

Front 26

TGF-B associated with what carcinomas?

Back 26

Pancreatic
Colorectal

Front 27

In addition to inhibiting G1 to S, TP53 has what other function? What gene is activated?

Back 27

Repairs DNA, activates BAX gene (initiates apoptosis)

Front 28

Mutation of TP53 causing loss of its inhibition of G1 to S phase is associated with what carcinomas?

Back 28

Lung
Colon
Breast

Front 29

Mutation of TP53 causing loss of DNA repair function is associated with what syndrome?

Back 29

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Front 30

Li-Fraumeni syndrome associated with what cancers?

Back 30

Breast carcinoma
Brain tumors
Leukemia
Sarcomas

Front 31

Function of VHL and WT1 TSGs?

Back 31

Regulate nuclear transcription

Front 32

VHL associated with what syndrome?

Back 32

Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

Front 33

What are the cancers associated with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome?

Back 33

Cerebellar hemangioblastoma
Retinal angioma
Renal cell carcinoma (BL)
Pheochromocytoma (BL)

Front 34

WT1 associated with what cancer?

Back 34

Wilm's tumor

Front 35

Melanoma is associated with what TSG?

Back 35

p16

Front 36

What TSGs are on chromosome 13q?

Back 36

Rb
BRCA2

Front 37

What TSGs are on chromosome 17?

Back 37

17q = BRCA1, NF1
17p = p53

Front 38

Need to damage only 1 allele in proto-oncogenes or TSGs?

Back 38

Proto-oncogenes
Must lose both TSG alleles for disease expression

Front 39

Proto-oncogene mutations results in what type of defect to cause cancer?

Back 39

Gain of function
(TSGs are loss of function)

Front 40

C-KIT proto-oncogene gene product?

Back 40

Cytokine receptor

Front 41

Mutation in C-KIT causes what cancer?

Back 41

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

Front 42

What family of genes form anti-apoptotic molecules?

Back 42

BCL2 family

Front 43

How do the anti-apoptotic proteins of BCL2 genes prevent apoptosis?

Back 43

Prevent cytochrome c from leaving mitochondria

Front 44

What is cytochrome c's action?

Back 44

In the cytosol, it activates caspases initiating apoptosis

Front 45

BCL2 gene mutations result in overexpression, preventing apoptosis and cause what cancer?

Back 45

B-cell follicular lymphoma
(due to prevention of apoptosis of B Lymphocytes)

Front 46

What translocation is associated with B-cell follicular lymphoma?

Back 46

t(14;18)

Front 47

A defect in the gene encoding a nucleotide excision repair enzyme is associated with what?

Back 47

Xeroderma pigmentosum