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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the antibodies that cause myasthenia gravis?
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autoimmune antibodies to acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscle fibers
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What concurrent disorder is commonly found in patients with myasthenia?
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Thymomas and thymus hyperplasia
Thymus cells from myasthenia patients can cause the production of AChR antibodies in mice. Role of the thymus as primary or secondary is unknown |
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What clinical features are found with myasthenia patients?
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Extraocular muscles involved
ptosis diplopia |
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What treatment is given myasthenia patients?
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Tensilon: anticholinesterase agent
Most patients improve with thymectomy |
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How is Duchenne muscular dystrophy inherited?
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X-linked, effects mostly men
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What is the clinical presentation of Duchenne?
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Weakness in proximal muscles with enlargement, initially in calves.
Causes impaired contractile activity and other derangements in skeletal and cardiac muscles with progressive degeneration of muscle fibers. |
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What protein deficiency causes Duchenne?
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dystrophin
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What is the difference between Duchenne and Becker?
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Duchenne dystrophin is absent completely, in Becker its mutated.
Becker is less severe. |
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What is the most common soft tissue tumor?
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Lipoma: benign slow growers
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Which variant of lipoma has pain?
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angiolipoma: local pain on volar surface of the forearm
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Where do liposarcomas arise?
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deep tissues of the proximal extremities
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What is a nodular fasciitis?
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a reactive fibroblastic reaction that appears in areas of previous trauma (10-15% of the time)
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What is Dupuytren's contracture?
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fibromatosis of the palm. Papal sign.
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What is Peyronie's disease?
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Fibromatosis of the penis
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What tissues are preferred by fibrosarcoma?
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deep tissues of the thigh, knee, and trunk
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What is the most common post radiation tumor?
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Malignant fibrous histiocytoma which develops on the lower limbs and retroperitoneal areas in the 5th to 7th decade of life
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What is a skeletal muscle neoplasm called? What the most common type?
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rhabdomyosarcoma: a disease of childhood and infancy. Most common type is sarcoma botryoides.
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What cells cause synovial sarcoma?
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mesenchymal cells around large joints especially the knee
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