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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Differentiate b/w Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
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OA
-'wear and tear' -degeneration of articular cartilage (Eburnation) -weight-bearing joints affected (hips, knees, spine) -Asymmetrical -Heberden and Bouchard's nodes present (osteophytes at DIP and PIP joints) RA -Systemic autoimmune disease (Rheumatoid factor and Rheumatoid nodules are present) -Synovial proliferation -Small joints (hands and feet) -Symmetrical and migratory |
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Who is Rheumatoid arthritis more likely to affect?
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Females
20-50 yo Those with genetic predisposition (HLA-DR4 and DR1) |
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What is Rheumatoid Factor?
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-IgM autoantibody against the Fc fragment of IgG
-Circulates and forms immune complexes |
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What are Rheumatoid nodules?
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-subcutaneous skin nodules
-found on extensor surfaces of forearms or elbows -central fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by epithelioid macrophages, lymphocytes, granulation tissue -also found in heart valves, lung, pleura, pericardium, spleen |
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What is the genetic association with Ankylosing Spondylitis?
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-HLA-B27
-may be associated with IBS -Bamboo Spine of Xray = rigidity of the spine |
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Reiter Syndrome
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-Males > Females
-20s-30s yo -Triad = conjunctivitis, urethritis, arthritis -Knees and Ankles -HLA-B27 |
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Enteropathic arthritis
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-10-20% of pts with Ulcerative Colitis
-HLA-B27 |
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Psoriatic Arthritis
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-5-10% pts with Psoriasis
-~RA -HLA-B27 |
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Gout
-What type of crystals? -Etiology? -Males or Females? |
-Monosodium Urate Crystals
-d/t overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid -Males > Females |
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What does the following describe:
-Joint aspiration shows negatively birefringent, needle-shaped uric acid crystals and neutrophils -Tophi (chalky-white deposits) -results in joint destruction and deformity |
Gout
-affects great toe, ankle, heel, and wrist |
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What does the following describe:
-calcium pyrophosphate crystals deposited in joints -causes inflammation -usually >50 yo -positively birefrigent rhomboid-shaped crystals |
-Pseudogout
associated with many metabolic diseases |
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Supporative arthritis
-etiology? -clinical manifestations? |
-d/t seeding of the joint during bacteremia, spread from adjacent site of infection, or direct innoculation
-tender, painful, swollen, erythematous joint -large joints affected -monoarticular -joint aspiration = cloudy synovial fluid -males > females -common organisms = gonococci, Staph, Strep, H influenza, gram neg bacilli |
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Lyme disease
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-d/t Borrelia burgdorferi
-spread by deer ticks (ixodes) -causes skin rash, migratory arthritis (knees, shoulders, and elbows), cardiac and CNS involvement |
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Pts with RA have a contraindication for what specific OMT procedure?
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-Cervical HVLA d/t weakened cruciate ligaments
-also, do not perform tx to the OA joint -Pts are also at risk of AA subluxation - perform AP Xrays with an open mouth before intubation |
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Uric Acid with Gout is the end-product in ... (what metabolism process??)
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Purine metabolism
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Arthropode-borned diseases transmitted by ticks are (5)...
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-Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever
-Lyme disease -Ehrlichia -Babesiosis -Tularemia |
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Presence of Pseudogout in pts <50 yo should prompt one to consider these 4 metabolic problems:
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-Hemochromatosis
-Hyperparathyroidism -Hypophosphatemia -Hypomagnesemia |
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Lesch-Nylan syndrome
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-X-linked
-Def of HPRT (hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase) -Mental retardation -Spasticity -Self-mutilating behaviors -Hyperuricemia --> Gout |
