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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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B-cell Location
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Germinal centers of lymph nodes (cortex) and lymphoid follicles of spleen.
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T-cell Location
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Paracortical and deep medullary areas of lymph nodes and periarteriolar sheaths of spleen.
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B-cell Lymphocyte Percentage
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15%
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T-cell Lymphocyte Percentage
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70%
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CD4+ T-cell Percentage
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60%
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CD8+ T-cell Percentage
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30%
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NK cell synonym
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Large granular lymphocytes (LGLs)
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NK cell Lymphocyte Percentage
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15%
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NK cell kill methods
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Direct (1) via MHC-detection and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) (2).
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Macrophage-secreted cytokines
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IL-1
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Professional APCs
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Macrophages (delayed hypersensitivity rxns), dendritic cells, Langerhans skin cells (Birbeck granules)
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IL-1
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Secreted: monocytes, macrophages
Stimulates T-cell proliferation, IL-2 production |
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IL-2
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Secreted: macrophages, T-cells, NK-cells
Stimulates proliferation of T-cells, B-cells, NK-cells; activates monocytes |
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IL-3
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Secreted: T-cells
Growth factor for tissue mast cells, hematopoietic stem cells |
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IL-4
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Secreted: T-cells
Promotes growth of B-, T-cells; enhances expression of MHC-II |
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IL-5
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Secreted: T-cells
Promotes B-cell to plasma cell maturation |
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IL-6
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Secreted: T-cells, monocytes
Promotes maturation of B-, T-cells; inhibits growth of fibroblasts |
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IFN-α
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Secreted: B-cells, macrophages
Antiviral |
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IFN-β
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Secreted: Fibroblasts
Antiviral |
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IFN-γ
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Secreted: T-cells, NK cells
Antiviral; activates macrophages; enhances expression of MHC-II |
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TNF-α
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Secreted: Macrophages, T-cells, NK cells
Stimulates T-cell proliferation and IL-2 production; cytotoxic to some tumors |
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TNF-β
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Secreted: T-cells
Stimulates T-cell proliferation and IL-2 production; cytotoxic to some tumors |
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Ankylosing spondylitis genetic predisposition
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HLA-B27
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Macrophage Cytokines
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IL-1, IL-2, IFN-a, TNF-a
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T-cell Cytokines
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IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IFN-g, TNF-a, TNF-b
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Monocyte Cytokines
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IL-1, IL-6
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NK-cell Cytokines
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IL-2, IFN-g, TNF-a
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B-cell Cytokines
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IFN-a
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Fibroblast Cytokines
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IFN-b
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Postgonococcal arthritis genetic predisposition
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HLA-B27
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Acute anterior uveitis genetic predisposition
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HLA-B27
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Rheumatoid arthritis genetic predisposition
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HLA-DR4
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Chronic active hepatitis genetic predisposition
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HLA-DR3
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Sjogren's syndrome genetic predisposition
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HLA-DR3
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Type I diabetes genetic predisposition
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HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4, both
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Th1-cell Cytokines
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IFN-g
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Th2-cell Cytokines
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IL-4, IL-5, IL-13
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Th17-cell Cytokines
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IL-17, IL-22, others
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Type I hypersensitivity mechanism
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Anaphylactic.
#1: IgE on mast cells binds antigen and/or C3a/C5a #2: Release of vasoactive amines, enzymes, proteoglycans (primaries), and AA products (secondaries) |
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Type II hypersensitivity mechanism
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Cytolytic - antibodies bind to antigens on cells or ECM
IgG/IgM-opsonized cells can be attacked by: Phagocytes binding Fc Complement via MAC and inflammation ADCC via NK |
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Type III hypersensitivity mechanism
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Immune complex - antibodies bind to soluble antigens, deposit, inflame
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Type IV hypersensitivity mechanism
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Cell-mediated (delayed) - activated T-cells engage either via Th1 CD4+ or via CD8+
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Type I hypersensitivity priming
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#1: Ag binds to naive Th-cells
#2: Th-cells become Th2-cells #3: When Th2-cells encounter Ag, produce: IL-4 (B-cell class switch IgE, Th2 development) IL-5 (Eosinophil development) IL-13 (IgE production, mucus secretion) #4: Mast cells + basophils bind IgE |
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Mast cell lipid mediators
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Cellular infiltration - LTB4
Vasodilation, permeability - LTC4, LTD4, LTE4 Smooth muscle spasm - LTC4, LTD4, LTE4, PD2, PAF (not AA) |
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Mast cell cytokines
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Attracts granulocytes and monocytes: TNF, IL-1, eotaxin
Amplifies Th2: IL-4 Eosinophil support: IL-3, IL-5 |
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Transfusion reaction type
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Type II hypersensitivity (cytolytic) on donor RBCs
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Erythroblastosis fetalis reaction type
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Type II hypersensitivity (cytolytic) by maternal antibodies against fetal RBCs by placenta-crossing antibodies to Rh-factor
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Autoimmune blood diseases reaction type
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Autoimmune type II hypersensitivity against own blood cells
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Drug reaction type
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Drug binds to RBC, acts as hapten for IgG activation, type II hypersensitivity against RBCs
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