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224 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The generalized OPALESCENCE of the buccal mucosa is most likely...
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Leukodema
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Leukodema is caused by a significant intercellular edema in which layer of the stratified epithelium?
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Prickle Cell Layer
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Does leukodema require tx?
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No, variant of normal
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A bony, asymptomatic area found on the midline of the hard palate that appears radiopaque on a radiograph?
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Torus palatinus
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Which of the following cysts would create difficulty when swallowing?
-Dentigerous -Thyroglossal -Nasopalatine -Mucocele -Residual |
Thyroglossal
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Which disease may have oral characteristics similar to those in necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)
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Leukemia
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A ranula is typically found...
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Floor of the Mouth
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A definitive dental dx of soft tissue oral cancer is made by:
-complete radiographs -PAN -scalpel biopsy -exfoliative cytology -brush biopsy |
Scalpel Biopsy
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Primordial cysts are most often found radiographically...
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IN PLACE OF 3rd molar or posterior to an erupted 3rd molar
**tooth was never present, in place of tooth** |
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The usual location of periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia (cementoma) is...
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ANT Mandible
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A slightly raised, noncoated, red, glossy, rectangular area in the midline of the tongue has been present as long as pt can remember...thought to be assoc w/Candida albicans
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Median Rhomboid Glossitis
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What two viruses are caused by the varicella-zoster virus
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1. Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
2. Chickenpox |
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40yr old pt w/lesion on her lips. Lesion appears as several discrete vesicles, some are ulcerated. She says she gets a sore like this right before she gets a cold.
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Herpes Labialis
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-sessily or pedunculated (rare)
-grows rapidly first to a max size, then stops -typically assoc w/pregnancy |
Pyogenic Granuloma
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What cyst has the potential to develop into an ameloblastoma?
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Primordial Cyst
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Palatal condition common in elderly w/dentures, chronic irritation
-cobblestone appearance(erythematous papillary projections) -vault of palate |
Papillary Hyperplasia
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Lesion found on the buccal mucosa of 30yr old white, woman. Pink, well-defined, SOFT to palpitation, consists of collagenous fibers, fibroblasts, fibrocytes. NO fat cells or bone
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Fibroma
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Radiolucent lesion assoc w/a cyst, cyst. Histology report shows salivary gland tissue in the cyst
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Static Bone Cyst
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Well-defined, yellowish blisterlike formation, rare, benign neoplasm, predominance of fat cell
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Lipoma
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A tooth involved w/a cyst is discovered to be nonvital pulp test
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Radicular Cyst
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What is the main characteristic for pemphigus vulgaris?
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Nikolsky's Sign
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35yr old woman Assessment reveals an inflamed, palpable, benign tumor in the anterior of the palate, lingual to the max incisors. The tumor arises from deeper tissue originating from periodontal ligament, infiltrates bone but isn't metastisized.
-caused by local irritant/trauma -PDL origin -Gingiva or Alveolar Mucosa -females 2x more |
Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma
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Severe hypersensitivity reaction w/lips and tongue
-bulls-eye lesions on skin -blood crusted lips |
Erythema Multiforme
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What cyst forms is the result of extracting a tooth w/out the cystic sac
-Well-defined radiolucent area -Round or Oval shaped |
Residual Cyst
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-White cauliflower-like
-similar to a wart -long, finger-like projections of epithelium |
Papilloma
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What makes Behcet's syndrome different from recurrent ulcerative stomatitis
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Triad effect
(eyes, mouth, genitals) |
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What is the causative agent of Herpangina?
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Coxsackievirus
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True or False
Palatal tori occur more frequently in woman. |
True
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What epithelial layer are melanocytes found in?
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Basal Cell layer
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-mass in midline of the dorsum of the tongue posterior to the circumvallate papilla made up of thyroid tissue
-common in women assoc w/hormonal changes |
Lingual Thyroid Nodule
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What papilla does Median Rhomboid Glossitis effect
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Filiform Papilla
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What are the etiologic factors that affect Geographic Tongue
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Idiopathic
Stress Genetic (possible) |
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This increase in the amt of blood in the area is called active ______.
Causes erythema and heat. |
Hyperemia
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What is the process where the white blood cells are forced to adhere to endothelial cells, goes to sides of margins of blood vessels
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Margination
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What cells produce antibodies?
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Plasma Cells
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What is the process when endothelial cells become sticky, WBC adhere to endothelium
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Pavementing
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What cells are the link between the inflammatory and immune responses?
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Macrophages
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This is the production of sequential cascade of plasma proteins present in blood in an inactivated form.
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Complement System
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What is the body's first line of defense and assoc w/ACUTE inflammation
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Neutrophil
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What WBC is assoc w/CHRONIC inflammation
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Macrophage
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What is the formation of pus called?
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Suppuration
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5 Cardinal signs of Inflammation
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1. Redness
2. Swelling 3. Heat 4. Pain 5. Loss of normal tissue fx |
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This is the increase in the NUMBER of cells
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Hyperplasia
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This is the increase in SIZE of cells/tissue
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Hypertrophy
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-epithelium blanched/whitened
-will eventually separate and slough leaving an ulcer -a burn |
Aspirin burn
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-red/inflam of palate
-becomes keratinized w/red dots |
Nicotine Stomatitis
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Etiology: cumulative sun exposure
-border of lip is pale pink -cracking present -LOWER lip more severely affected |
Solar Cheilitis
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Etiology: salivary gland duct is severed mucous secretion spills in adjacent tissue
-blue in color if near to surface -normal color if deeper -solitary -compressible -not a true cyst |
Mucocele
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Etiology: mucocele that forms unilaterally on the floor of the mouth
-"frog's" belly |
Ranula
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Etiology: ill-fitting denture
-elongated folds -dense, fibrous CT w/stratified squamous epithelium -usually MANDIBLE |
Denture-induced Fibrous Hyperplasia
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What 3 meds are known to cause gingival hyperplasia
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Cyclosporine (Immunosuppressive)
Dilantin (Epilepsy) Procardia (hypertension/angina) |
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Etiology: obstruction of salivary gland duct or infection
-painful -swelling of major salivary gland |
Sialadentitis
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Etiology: proliferation of chronically inflamed pulp tissue
-children/young adults -overproduction of granulation tissue that herniates into oral cavity |
Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis
(Pulp Polyp) |
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What is the only way to tell a Periapical Granuloma from a Radicular Cyst?
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Biopsy
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Etiology: localized mass of chronic, granulated tissue assoc w/a non-vital tooth
-mass w/lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, and epithelial rests of Malassez -if left untreated will turn into a Radicular Cyst |
Periapical Granuloma
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Etiology: true cyst, develops from pre-existing periapical granulomas
males 30-60yrs *MOST COMMON cyst in oral cavity* -fluid filled sac lined by stratified squamous epithelium -root of non-vital tooth |
Radicular Cyst
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Etiology: change in bone near apex, MAND 1st MOLAR usually affected
**RADIOPAQUE** |
Focal Sclerosing Osteomyelitis
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What part of the antibody does the antigen attach to?
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Fab
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What part of the antibody does the macrophage attach to?
What does it help facilitate |
Fc
Ingestion |
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What type of immunity doesn't depend on antibodies
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Cell Mediated Immunity
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What immunoglobulin acts as an opsonin?
-most numerous -enhances phaGocytosis |
IgG
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What immunoglobulin activates the coMpliMent system?
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IgM
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What immunoglobulin prevents bacterial Adherence?
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IgA
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What immunoglobulin binDs to surface of B lymphocytes and triggers stimulation
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IgD
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What immunoglobulin releases histamines
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IgE
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What cell presents antigen to T cell?
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Macrophage
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What is the most important T cell, increase fx of B cells, enhance antibody response
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T helper cell
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what stimulates WBC growth b/c initial response wasn't good enough, antigens are multiplying
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Interleukin
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What cell releases lymphokines which then releases interleukins and interferons?
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T cell
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What cell activates macrophages to phagocytize better?
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Interferon
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What immunity involves plasma cells?
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Hummoral Immunity
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What immunoglobulin is the fist to respond?
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IgG
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In the complement cascade, what are the major components that lead to membrane lysis
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C1-C9
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What type of hypersensitivity is life threatening?
-asthma -anaphylactic shock |
Type I Hypersensitivity
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What type of hypersensitivity involves Rh incompatibility and is dependent upon the complement system?
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Type II Hypersensivity
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What type of hypersensitivity is acute inflammatory response and complement activation and the intensity of the reaction increases.
i.e. autoimmune disease |
Type III Hypersensitivity
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What type of hypersensitivity involves cell-mediated response instead of humoral and cause T lymphocytes damage to self
-contact dermatitis -poison ivy -ORGAN TRANSPLANT REJECTION |
Type IV Hypersensitivity
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What type of resorption occurs in the crown and usually involves one tooth
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Internal Tooth Resorption
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What type of resorption is commonly assoc w/ortho?
-from the outside surface |
External Tooth Resporption
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What do apthous ulcers begin as?
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Macules
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-white,yellowish fibrin surrounded by erythematous halo
-MOVEABLE MUCOSA only -very painful -anteriorly more common |
Minor Apthous Ulcers
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-ulcer that lasts longer
-results in greyish-pink scar -POSTERIOR part of mouth |
Major Apthous Ulcer
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Etiology: idiopathic, increased level of stress
-common location on buccal mucosa -tx only when painful |
Lichen Planus
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What is the name of the slender white lines assoc w/lichen planus?
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Wickham's Striae
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What condition affects salivary and lacrimal glands (XEROSTOMIA)
-very dry mouth (loss of filiform/fungiform papilla) -candidiasis |
Sjogren's Syndrome
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Etiology: autoantibodies that react against epithelial cell attachment. Jewish women 40-50
-Painful Ulcers-->vesicles/bullae -Bullae rupture leaving a grayish membrane -involves Tzanck cells -INTRAepithelial (above the basal cell layer) |
Pemphigus Vulgaris
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-Bullae are less fragile
-bullae are SUBepithelial -basement membrane separates from CT |
Cicatricial Pemhigoid
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Etiology: primary lung infection, granulomatous disease
-ulcer in middle of the tongue |
Tuberculosis
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What drug is commonly used to treat tb
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Isoniazid
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With pemphigus vulgaris do oral or skin lesions occur first
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Oral
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What is the primary stage of Syphilis, highly infectious
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Chancre
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What is the tertiary stage of Syphilis
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Gumma, hole in the palate
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What is the most common form of candidiasis
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Chronic Atrophic (denture stomatitis)
usually no pain/burning |
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What type of Candidiasis CAN'T be wiped away and what is it assoc with
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Chronic Hyperplastic
HIV |
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Etiology: WHITE papillary caused by HPV
-LIPS most common site |
Verruca Vulgaris (common wart)
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Etiology: PINK, bulbous papillary masses (sexual contact)
-Very contagious -tongue, buccal mucosa, palate, gingiva, alveolar ridge |
Condyloma Acuminatum (venereal wart)
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Etiology: usually in trigeminal ganglion
-recurrent lesion -vermillion border (most common site) What are other names is it known as |
Recurrent Herpes
aka: Herpes Labialis -cold sore |
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Pain, burning, tingling are all what type of symptoms for Herpes Labialis (recurrent herpes)
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Prodromal Symptoms
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painful HSV infection of fingers, can be primary or recurrent, occular herpes
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Herpetic Whitlow
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Etiology: Varicella zoster, thoracic area more common, follows the opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve
-extremely painful |
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
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What two conditions are caused by Varicella zoster
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Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
Chickenpox |
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Etiology: coxsackievirus, more common in the SUMMER months
-bilateral vesicles -fever, malaise, sore throat, dysphagia, erythematous pharyngitis |
Herpangina
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Etiology: Paramyxovirus, highly contagious
-skin rash/Koplik's spots |
Rubeola (Measles)
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Etiology: paramyxovirus
-rash on face, extremely dangerous during 1st trimester of pregnancy |
Rubella (German Measles)
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Etiology: small mass of thyroid tissue located on the tongue
-immature or mature thyroid tissue |
Ectopic Lingual Thyroid Nodule
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What cyst is always assoc w/impacted or unerupted tooth
-most common cyst -assoc w/ameloblastoma |
Dentigerous
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Etiology: located in place of the 3rd molar or posterior to an erupted 3rd molar
-can become an ameloblastoma AGGRESSIVE |
Primordial Cyst
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Etiology: unique histologic appearance and high rate of recurrence
lining of cyst produces keratin Well-defined multiocular radiolucency or unocular in the 3rd molar region |
Odontogenic Keratocyst
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Etiology: can be found in incisive papilla, located in the nasopalatine duct
-Heart-shaped radiolucency |
Nasopalatine Cyst
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Etiology: located POSTERIOR to incisive papilla in the midline of the hard palate
well-defined UNIocular (just a nasopalatine cyst that moved posteriorly) |
Median Palatine Cyst
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What type of candidiasis is like cottage cheese accompanied by burning and metallic taste
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Pseudomembranous
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Etiology: between roots of max lateral and canine
pear-shaped radiolucency |
Globulomaxillary Cyst
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Etiology: originates from lower portion of nasolacrimal duct. Near MAX CANINE
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Nasolabial Cyst
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Etiology: originates from hair follicle
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Epidermal Cyst
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-above or below mylohyoid muscle
-"dough boy" -very soft |
Dermoid Cyst
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Etiology: pseudocyst (lining of cyst is CT)
-well defined uniocular/multiocular w/scalloping around roots -assoc w/punch to the face |
Simple Bone Cyst
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-honeycomb/soap-bubble appearance
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Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
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Etiology: absence of one or more teeth
what are the three most common teeth missing (in order from most common) |
Hypodontia
1. 3rd molars 2. MAX canine 3. MAN 2nd Premolar |
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Are supernumerary teeth more common in the maxilla or mandible
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maxilla, 8x more common
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What is the most common type of supernumerary tooth?
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Mesiodens
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Does a distomolar commonly erupt
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No
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Etiology: one or more teeth smaller than normal
-assoc w/dwarfism |
Microdontia
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What is the most common tooth assoc w/microdontia
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Peg Lateral (max)
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Etiology: tooth germ attempts to split
-notched incisal edge -1 Root; 2 Crowns |
Gemination
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Etiology: union of two normally separated adjacent tooth germs
-2 Roots; 1 Crown |
Fusion
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What dentition is fusion more common in and does it happen anterior or posterior
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-Primary
-Anterior |
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Etiology: roots joined by cementum.
-Maxillary Molars -CAN'T be observed clinically |
Concrescence
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Etiology: abnormal curve or angle in root or crown. Trauma to tooth germ during root formation
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Dilaceration
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Where is the most common place for an enamel pearl
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Max Molars
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Etiology: accessory cusp in cingulum area of max/man incisor
-normal enamel, dentin, and PULP HORN |
Talon Cusp
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Etiology: elongated, large pulp chambers and short roots
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Taurodontism
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"tooth within a tooth"
Max Left Lateral Incisor most commonly affected -commonly decays |
Dens in Dente
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What tooth is the most common single rooted tooth to possible have two roots?
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Mandibular Canine
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Etiology: disturbance/damage to sensitive ameloblasts during enamel matrix formation
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Enamel Hypoplasia
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What type of hypoplasia effects a single tooth typically caused by decay from a primary tooth?
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Turner's Tooth
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What type of hypoplasia is assoc w/syphilis and causes incisors to be shaped like screwdrivers
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Hutchinson's Incisors
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Localized, chalky white spot on the middle third of smooth crowns
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Enamel Hypocalcification
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Etiology: Rh incompatability, or ingenstion of substance (tetracycline)
-yellow/green staining |
Endogenous (Intrinsic) Stain
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Very thin enamel, anterior maxilla is more common
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Regional Odontodysplasia (ghost teeth)
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What is the most common position for impacted 3rd molars
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Mesioangular
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Etiology: primary teeth in which bone has fused to the cementum and dentin preventing primary tooth exfoliation
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Ankylosed Teeth
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What is assoc w/permanent and avulsed teeth
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Ankylosis
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-open, painless lesions that don't resolve in 2wks
-wart-like growths -persistent, scaly red patches w/irregular borders -elevated growths w/rough surfaces and a central depression -in the mouth |
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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-Open, bleeding crusted lesions, don't heal w/in several wks
-reddish, raised or itchy areas of skin -shiny pink, red, white or translucent nodules -pink or red bordered lesions w/crusted centers -involved w/skin |
Basal Cell Carcinoma
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What are the 5 parts of melanoma screening
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Asymmetry: if lesion's cut in half, the halve don't look the same
Border: irregular Color: different shades, multi Diameter: anything bigger then a pencil eraser Evolving: change in color, size, texture ABCDE |
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What types of tumors are pleomorphic
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Malignant Tumors
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Etiology: tobacco use and drinking, HPV
-males, blacks, >45yrs old -malignant tumor of squamous epithelium |
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Is oral cancer genetically tied?
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No
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What is the name for cell "suicide"
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Apoptosis
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What are the most common areas for squamous cell carcinoma (in order from most common)
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1. floor of mouth
2. ventrolateral surface of tongue 3. soft palate 4. tonsillar pillars 5. retromolar areas |
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Advanced lesions, fixed ulcer w/raised ROLLED BORDERS
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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white, plaque-like lesion CAN'T be rubbed off and can't be diagnosed as a specific disease
Etiology: idiopathic, local irritation, tobacco, C albicans infections |
Leukoplakia
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Leukoplakia is commonly found in what two places?
(malignant or premalignant) more common than erythroplakia |
1. Floor of Mouth
2. Tongue |
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What is more aggressive and is more likely to be squamous cell carcinoma
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Erythroplakia
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Etiology: variant of squamous cell carcinoma, "good cancer," doesn't metastisize, tobacco use
-males >55 -slow growing -pebbly white/red surface at labial commissures -intact basement membrane -resembles papilloma |
Verrucous Carcinoma
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Etiology: sun exposure. Malignant tumor of squamous epithelium that occurs on skin NOT in oral cavity. Strong genetic tie, blue/green eyes, red/blond hair
-non-healing ulcer of SKIN w/rolled borders -proliferation of basal cells |
Basal Cell Carcinoma
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Etiology: benign salivary gland tumor. MOST COMMON salivary gland neoplasm
-painless -NON-ulcerated -35% recurrence |
Pleomorphic Adenoma
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What is the most common site for pleomorphic adenoma?
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Palate- intraoral
Parotid Gland- extraoral |
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Etiology: malignant salivary gland tumor
-ULCERATED -similar to SWISS CHEESE -tends to surround nerves parasthesia and bone destruction |
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
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Etiology: malignant salivary gland tumor, MUCOUS cells and squamous-like epithelial cells
Major=Parotid Gland Minor=Palate *transformed epithelial lining of a DENTIGEROUS CYST (impacted/unerupted tooth) |
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
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Etiology: benign, slow-growing but AGGRESSIVE epithelial odontogenic tumor
-may result from a dentigerous cyst left in mouth -80% in mandible; molar/ramus area -can be lethal in maxilla -HONEYCOMBED appearance, multiocular -COMMON RECURRENCE |
Ameloblastoma
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What type of tumor originates from tooth-forming tissues; composed of epithelium only, mesenchymal tissue, or a mix of both
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Odontogenic Tumor
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What type of ameloblastoma occurs in the GINGIVA, doesn't involve bone or recur
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Peripheral Ameloblastoma
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Etiology: benign, originating from mesechymal tissues of the tooth germ, dental papilla
10-29yrs old -cause tooth displacement/root resorption -MULTIocular, poorly defined margins (honeycombed appearance) |
Odontogenic Myxoma
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well circumscribed tumor composed of fibrous CT and round globular calcification resembling CEMENTUM
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Cementifying Fibroma
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calcifications that resemble bone trabeculae
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Ossifying fibroma
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GLOBULAR calcifications and bone trabeculae
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Cemento-ossifying fibroma
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radioPAQUE
Tumors that have well-defined borders, radiolucent to radiopaque depending on calcified tissue |
Cementifying and Ossifying Fibromas
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Etiology: cementum producing lesion that's fused to the root.
-young men -well defined radioPAQUE mass that is CONTINUOUS w/roots, surrounded by RADIOLUCENT HALO |
Benign Cementoblastoma
|
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Etiology: benign odontogenic tumor containing tissue similar to the dental papilla
-men <20 -common in MAND PREMOLAR/MOLAR region -well/poorly demarcated uniocular/multiocular radiolucency |
Ameloblastic Fibroma
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Etiology: idiopathic
MOST COMMON odontogenic tumors -failure of a permanent tooth to erupt |
Odontoma
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What are the 2 types of Odontomas? and where are they located
-composed of mature enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp |
Compound: Anterior Max
Complex: Post Mandible |
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What is assoc w/impacted, unerupted teeth, or odontogenic cysts and tumors.
-usually located BETWEEN the ROOTS of teeth |
Odontoma
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What type of odontoma is a cluster of numerous small teeth surrounded by a radiolucent halo?
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Compound
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What type of odontoma is a radiopaque mass surrounded by a thin radiolucent halo
|
Complex
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benign tumor of mature fat cells
tongue, buccal mucosa, vestibule, and gingiva |
Lipoma
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Etiology: benign tumors of Schwann cells
-most common location TONGUE |
Neurofibroma
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Etiology: benign tumor either neural or primitive mesenchymal cell origin
-painless -NONulcerated NODULE -TONGUE, buccal mucosa -female adults |
Granular Cell Tumor
|
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Etiology: benign growth of capillaries, affect gingiva causing hemorrhage
-deep red/blue color -girls -blanch upon pressure -spontaneous remission |
Hermangioma
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What is the most common location for a hermangioma?
|
Tongue
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What are the two types of hermangiomas and what do they involve?
|
Capillary: contains SMALL capillaries
Cavernous: LARGE blood vessels |
|
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Etiology: BENIGN tumor of melanocytes, usually extraoral
-brown macules or papules commonly located on hard palate and buccal mucosa |
Melanocytic Nevus
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Are all melanomas malignant?
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Yes
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Etiology: malignant tumor of melanocytes
-blistering sunburn -hard palate and max gingiva -rare in mouth -Very Aggressive -doesn't respond to chemo |
Malignant Melanoma
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Etiology: malignant growth of plasma cells which cause destructive bone lesions
-Fatal -men>40 -mandible -RADIOLUCENT LESIONS in SKULL |
Multiple Myeloma
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Etiology: idiopathic, teeth are VITAL
-black, women >30 -menopause -disordered production of cementum and bone -changes from radiolucent to radiopaque as it ages |
Periapical Cemento-osseous Dysplasia
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Etiology: idiopathic
Gritty pieces of hard and soft tissue -posterior mandible -white, women 30-50 May progress into florid cemento-osseous dysplasia |
Focal Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia
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Etiology: idiopathic
-black, women >40 -more extensive than periapical/focal cemento-osseous dysplasia -MULTIPLE QUADS -large posterior radiopaque mass, no radiolucent phase |
Florid Cemento-osseous Dysplasia
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Etiology: Viral. Chronic metabolic bone disease w/resorption, osteoblastic repair and remin
-COTTON WOOL appearance -Maxilla -enlargement of bone |
Paget Disease
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What type and name of bisphosphonate is commonly responsible for Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
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IV: zoledronate (Zometa)
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what oral bisphophonates are sometimes known to cause ONJ (osteonecrosis of the jaw)
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alendronate (Fosamax)
risedronate (Actenol or Boniva) |
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How long after dental tx does ONJ typically occur
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2 months
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If a ct is on IV bisphosphonate what special instructions are there?
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-AVOID extraction of M3 teeth
-if extraction needed, pre-med -CHX rinse 2x a day for 2 months post surgery |
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If a ct has ONJ what are the special instructions
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-Pre-med
-reduce sharp/rough areas of bone -CHX 2x/day -ONJ site should be debrided every 2-3wks -Hyperbaric oxygen therapy |
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What form of oral cancer detection uses a chemiluminescent light source and a blue phenothiazine dye to mark lesions
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ViziLite Plus w/TBlue
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What type of oral cancer detection is computer assisted method of oral brush biopsy that allows dentists to test the common small white and red lesions that appear in the mouth
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Oral CDx Brush test
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What type of oral cancer detection emits a blue light into the oral cavity which excites the tissue from the epithelium's surface to the underlying CT causing it to FLUORESCE
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VELscope
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What type of oral cancer detection uses an LED light source and a mirror
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Orascoptic DK
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Etiology: nondisjunction assoc w/late maternal age
MOST FREQUENT of trisomies Oglidontia: few teeth |
Trisomy 21
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Etiology: nondisjunction of X chromosome
-webbing of neck |
Turner's Syndrome
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Etiology: bandlike increase of several mm in width
-follows normal ging contour *assoc only w/genetics -perakeratosis where not normally found (retromolar pad area) |
Gingival Hyperkeratosis
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Etiology: autosomal-dominant, may also be related to number of trisomies
-gingival hypertrophy -firm tissue w/a granular corrugated surface -pale in color -may cause protrusion of lip |
Gingival Fibromatosis
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Etiology: autosomal-dominant, males, begins at birth or early childhood
-Bilateral facial swelling -usually mandible -primary teeth lost by 3yrs old -remission occurs 8-10yrs old "Soap Bubble", MULTIocular appearance in ramus/molar/premolar area |
Cherubism
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Etiology: autosomal-recessive
-fusion of anterior portion of max ging to upper lip from canine to canine -lack of max vestibule -central incisors NOT present -conical shaped and enamel hypoplasia >50% of newborns have NATAL TEETH |
Chondroectodermal Dysplasia
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Etiology: autosomal-dominant or spontaneous mutation
-aplasia or hypoplasia of clavicles (allows shoulders to touch midline) -MANY SUPERNUMERARY w/a possible THIRD DENTITION |
Cleidocranial Dysplasia
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What genetic disorder has a "fish"like mouth, high cleft palate in 30% of patients
-Hypoplastic Mandible |
Mandibulofacial Dysostosis
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What genetic disorder has numerous pin-point and spider-like telangiectases of lips, eyelids, nose, and scalp
Prominent on TIP and ANTERIOR DORSUM OF TONGUE |
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
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Genetic disorder w/multiple neurofibromas, papules of various sizes located on eyelids and oral cavity
Cafe'-au-lait (coffee w/milk) skin pigmentation seen w/90% of patients |
Neurofibromatosis of von Recklinghausen
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Inherited disorder: small areas of CHIPPED enamel or no enamel covering dentin
*RARELY get CARIES |
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
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What type of inherited disease produces GRAY to BLUISH-BROWN teeth?
-more severe in PRIMARY dentition -NO pulp chambers or root canals are visible -THIN, SHORT ROOTS w/pariapical radiolucencies |
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
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Etiology: autosomal-dominant
-normal crowns, ABNORMAL ROOTS -short roots= PREMATURE LOSS |
Dentin Dysplasia
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Etiology: X-linked recessive and autosomal RECESSIVE
-HYPODONTIA -Hyptrichosis (abnormal deficiency of hair) -Hyphidrosis: diminished perspiration due to lack of sweat glands -frontal bossing, saddle nose, protruding hair, thin/dry skin |
Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
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Etiology: Genetic CT disorder. Chemical make up of CT isn't normal=many structures aren't as stiff as they're supposed to be
-pt often TALL and THIN -HIGH/ARCHED palate -crowded teeth -SMALL MANDIBLE **PRE-MED (mvp) susceptible to endocarditis |
Marfan Syndrome
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What systemic disease has an increase of growth hormone during adulthood
-hand and feet enlargement -CLASS III occlusion -prognathic -macroglossia |
Acromegaly (Hyperpituitarism)
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Etiology: decrease production of adrenal steroids
-pituitary gland secretes ACTH, which stimulates melanocytes |
Addison Disease
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These are oral manifestations of what disease:
-Candidiasis -Hairy Leukoplakia -Herpes Simplex -Linear Gingival Erythema -NUG -NUP -Kaposi's Sarcoma -Oral Warts -Herpes Zoster (shingles) -Apthous Ulcers (major and minor) -Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma -Salivary Gland Disease |
HIV Infection
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What is the most common EARLY oral manifestation of HIV and what is it a strong predictor of?
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Candidiasis (larger area)
strong predictor of NUG |
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What oral manifestation is ALWAYS assoc w/HIV
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Hairy Leukoplakia
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Once hairy leukoplakia is discovered, how long does the pt have to live
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4 years
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What is used to treat Herpes Zoster (shingles) in HIV patients
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Acyclovir
HIGH dose: 2400-3200mg/day |
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HIV patients w/NUP should use what type of rinse prior to debridement for pain control
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Betadine (Providone Iodine)
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What other meds can be used to control acute episodes w/pain for HIV patients w/NUP
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Flagyl (metronidazole)
Augmentin MT visits 2-3mos after acute phase is controlled |
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What oral manifestation in an HIV-positive patient ESTABLISHES DX of AIDS
HSV-8 is the cause of this neoplasm -reddish/purple, flat/raised, single/multiple lesions -PALATE -facial ging of 8&9 |
Kaposi's Syndrome
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Xerostomia in an HIV pt is typically caused by
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Parotid Gland Enlargement
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