Pathology Chapter 3

Front 1

Fibromyalgia

Back 1

-chronic pain in soft tissue
-fatigue
-tender points concentrated around neck and shoulders and lower back
-Gentle massage is appropriate
-Contraindication is use of ice
-Use heat

Front 2

Myofacial Pain Syndrome

Back 2

-develops when muscles undergo injury or trauma, sometimes on a microscopic level, never goes through standard healing process
-Injury gets locked into repeating pain-spasm cycle
-Taut bands or nodules, hypertonic bands of fibers within a mass of muscle that is less tight
-Massage is indicated

Front 3

Myositis Ossificans

Back 3

-A result of trauma & hematoma
-Muscle inflamation with ossification
-Injury that occurs that leads to bleeding, usually between fascial sheets
-Blood pools between layers of muscle
-The blood is not reabsorbed quick enough, leaving behind a calcium/iron formation that looks and feels like bone
-Massage is locally contraindicated

Front 4

Shin Splints

Back 4

-Muscle injury/ache often runs the length of the tibia on the lateral side or deep in the back of the calf

Front 5

Acute External Compartment Syndrome

Back 5

Edema that limits blood flow, limiting exit of excess fluid, increasing edema, swelling can cause tissue death

Front 6

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome

Back 6

Muscle injury on the medial side of the tibia, soleus, and tibialis anterior
-massage is indicated in subacute phase

Front 7

Spasm/Cramps

Back 7

-Involuntary contraction of a muscle
-Can be caused by lack of calcium, magnesium, potassium
-Muscles are deprived of oxygen
-Massage is indicated

Front 8

Sprains

Back 8

-1st, 2nd and 3rd degree
-Injury at a muscle/tendon with emphasis on muscle
-Begins when muscle fibers are torn, inflammatory response begins and fibroblasts flood the area
-Massage is great in subacute phase

Front 9

Contusion

Back 9

-Injury to tissue without laceration
-can be present in any tissue
-aka bruise
-massage is locallly contraindicated

Front 10

Muscular Infection

Back 10

-any number of viral or bacterial infections to muscle tissue due to localized trauma and/or systematic infection
-Underlying cause must be determined before massage

Front 11

Rotator Cuff Tears

Back 11

Damage to any of the ligaments or tendons to the SITS muscles that both stabalize and mobilize the shoulder joint
-Massage, post-surgery, to assist in the proper realignment of scar tissue

Front 12

Muscle Tension Headache

Back 12

-Spasm of muscle attached to the cervical vertebrae or skull for extended periods of time
-Massage is indicated

Front 13

Cleft Palate

Back 13

-congenital fissure of the roof of the mouth produced by failure of the 2 maxillae to unite during embryotic development
-vigorous massage to face and mouth is contraindicated

Front 14

Talipes

Back 14

-aka Club Foot
-any numerous of congenital deformaties of the foot in which it is twisted out of position or shape

Front 15

Osteocondritis

Back 15

-Inflammation of bone and cartilage
-Swelling, pain and loss of function
-Massage in the subacute phase may relieve pain

Front 16

Osteocondrosis

Back 16

-a disease causing degenerative changes in the ossification centers of the epiphisis of bones
-massage is locally contraindicated

Front 17

Osteomyelitis

Back 17

-inflammation of bone and marrow
-massage is systemically contraindicated

Front 18

Osteoma

Back 18

-Benign, bony tumor
-May develop at bone or other sites
-massage is locally contraindicated

Front 19

Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica

Back 19

-decalcification and softening of bone resulting from an overactivity of the parathyroid gland
-calcium and phosphorus metabolism is disturbed, resulting in kidney problems
-cysts form and tumors may develop
-massage is systemically contraindicated

Front 20

Osteosarcoma

Back 20

-A malignant tumor of the bone
-usually occurs in adolescents
-Massage is systemically contraindicated

Front 21

Osteocondroma

Back 21

-Benign tumor composed of both cartilagenous and bony substances
-Usually occurs at the end of a long bone
-locally contraindicated

Front 22

Rickets

Back 22

-disease of bone formation in children, most commonly the result of vitamin d deficiency
-Inadequate mineralization of cartilage and newly formed bone, causing abnormalities in shape, structure and strength of skeleton
-massage is systemically contraindicated

Front 23

Rhumatoid Arthritis

Back 23

An autoimmune condition in which the synovial membranes of various joints
-A person has a bout, bacterium, memory cells and antibodies in circulation, and the antibodies get confused
-Fibrous scar tissue develop, scar tissue ossifies
-Joints most often attacked are knuckles in hands and toes and ankle and wrists
-Massage is indicated in subacute phase

Front 24

Septic Arthritis

Back 24

-Forms of arthritis brought about by a bacterial infection
-Neisseria Gonorrhea or staphlococcus Arureus
Infections introduced into a joint capsule through puncture wounds
-Systemically contraindicated until infection is gone

Front 25

Spondylosis

Back 25

-Osteoarthritis in the spine
-Massage is indicated with caution

Front 26

Immobilization

Back 26

The making of a part or limb immovable
-massage is locally contraindicated

Front 27

Repetative overuse

Back 27

-Tissue damage caused by repeated trauma, usually associated with writing, painting, typing or use of vibrating tools or hand tools
-May respond well to massage
-Medical diagnosis is nessecary

Front 28

Spondylothesis

Back 28

-Any forward slipping of one vertebrae on the one below it
-Massage is indicated